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<p>Historical datasets of tropical cyclone-driven storm surge and waves at moderate coastal resolution are scarce, limiting coastal hazard analysis and AI/ML-based surrogate model development where field observations remain sparse. We present a publicly available hindcast database of surge and wave conditions for 232 U.S. landfalling and impactful storms (1981-2021). We applied the coupled ADCIRC+SWAN system across the entire U.S. North Atlantic and Gulf coastline on a coastal-refined unstructured mesh achieving practical nearshore resolution (~100&#xa0;−&#xa0;500 m) for computational feasibility. We forced simulations with parametric wind fields from the Generalized Asymmetric Holland Model fitted to NOAA best-track data. For each event, we provide hourly NetCDF files containing water-surface elevation, significant wave height, and peak wave period. Users can apply these fields as boundary conditions for higher-resolution local models, train ML model predictors, and conduct coastwide extreme-value analyses. We validated simulations against numerous NOAA tide gauges and NDBC buoys, demonstrating robust water level skill with documented wave biases. This comprehensive basin-scale database enables coastal flood hazard assessment across multiple decades of historical storm surge events.</p>

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Tropical cyclone-driven storm surge and wave database for the US North Atlantic and Gulf coastlines

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Mithun Deb,
  • Karthik Balaguru,
  • Julian Rice,
  • Tim McPherson,
  • W. Brent Daniel

摘要

Historical datasets of tropical cyclone-driven storm surge and waves at moderate coastal resolution are scarce, limiting coastal hazard analysis and AI/ML-based surrogate model development where field observations remain sparse. We present a publicly available hindcast database of surge and wave conditions for 232 U.S. landfalling and impactful storms (1981-2021). We applied the coupled ADCIRC+SWAN system across the entire U.S. North Atlantic and Gulf coastline on a coastal-refined unstructured mesh achieving practical nearshore resolution (~100 − 500 m) for computational feasibility. We forced simulations with parametric wind fields from the Generalized Asymmetric Holland Model fitted to NOAA best-track data. For each event, we provide hourly NetCDF files containing water-surface elevation, significant wave height, and peak wave period. Users can apply these fields as boundary conditions for higher-resolution local models, train ML model predictors, and conduct coastwide extreme-value analyses. We validated simulations against numerous NOAA tide gauges and NDBC buoys, demonstrating robust water level skill with documented wave biases. This comprehensive basin-scale database enables coastal flood hazard assessment across multiple decades of historical storm surge events.