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<p>The silver-lipped pearl oyster, <i>Pinctada maxima</i>, is an iconic bivalve farmed in tropical Australia and South-east Asia to produce high valued South Sea pearls. Here, we present a high-quality, chromosome-level reference genome for <i>P. maxima</i>. The final genome assembly has a total size of 1.27 Gb, with a scaffold N50 length of 65.69 Mb. Using high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) technology, we have anchored 80.99% of the assembly to 14 chromosomes. The BUSCO analysis revealed a high level of accuracy and completeness, identifying 87.9% (n = 4,658) of Mollusca core genes, which exceeds the average completeness of 79.2% reported for other mollusc genomes sequenced and annotated to date. The assembly includes 62.79% repeat elements (809 Mb), and gene annotation predicted 25,752 protein-coding genes. This genomic resource offers a powerful tool for unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying pearl formation and facilitating continued research into the evolutionary biology of pearl oysters worldwide.</p>

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Chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation of the emblematic silver-lipped pearl oyster Pinctada maxima Jameson 1901

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • L. Benestan,
  • A. Cormier,
  • T. Destanque,
  • O. Romatif,
  • J. Vidal-Dupiol,
  • D. B. Jones,
  • D. R. Jerry,
  • C.-L. Ky,
  • J. Le Luyer

摘要

The silver-lipped pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima, is an iconic bivalve farmed in tropical Australia and South-east Asia to produce high valued South Sea pearls. Here, we present a high-quality, chromosome-level reference genome for P. maxima. The final genome assembly has a total size of 1.27 Gb, with a scaffold N50 length of 65.69 Mb. Using high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) technology, we have anchored 80.99% of the assembly to 14 chromosomes. The BUSCO analysis revealed a high level of accuracy and completeness, identifying 87.9% (n = 4,658) of Mollusca core genes, which exceeds the average completeness of 79.2% reported for other mollusc genomes sequenced and annotated to date. The assembly includes 62.79% repeat elements (809 Mb), and gene annotation predicted 25,752 protein-coding genes. This genomic resource offers a powerful tool for unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying pearl formation and facilitating continued research into the evolutionary biology of pearl oysters worldwide.