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<p>Sea ice thickness is an essential variable to understand and forecast the dynamic ice cover and can be estimated by satellite altimetry. Nevertheless, it is affected by uncertainties especially from snow depth, a key parameter to derive it from ice freeboard. We developed a snow depth product based on the differences between CryoSat-2 SAR Ku and IceSat-2 laser altimeters which have different snow penetration capabilities. We compared this product to other existing snow depth products. This comparison indicates correlations all above 0.37 and reaching 0.91 relative to airborne snow radar. We estimate the snow depth uncertainties of our product to be 0.06 m on average. Combining two frequencies to simultaneously measure ice and total freeboard reduces the uncertainties in ice thickness by around a factor of two compared with a single-frequency solution combined with a snow depth climatology. The lack of <i>in situ</i> measurements is a limiting factor to assess the advantages of coincident CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2 acquisitions. Validation data are of major importance for upcoming missions.</p>

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A multi-frequency altimetry snow depth product over Arctic sea ice

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月17日

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  • Alice Carret,
  • Sara Fleury,
  • Alessandro Di Bella,
  • Jack Landy,
  • Isobel Lawrence,
  • Nathan Kurtz,
  • Antoine Laforge,
  • Jérome Bouffard,
  • Tommaso Parrinello

摘要

Sea ice thickness is an essential variable to understand and forecast the dynamic ice cover and can be estimated by satellite altimetry. Nevertheless, it is affected by uncertainties especially from snow depth, a key parameter to derive it from ice freeboard. We developed a snow depth product based on the differences between CryoSat-2 SAR Ku and IceSat-2 laser altimeters which have different snow penetration capabilities. We compared this product to other existing snow depth products. This comparison indicates correlations all above 0.37 and reaching 0.91 relative to airborne snow radar. We estimate the snow depth uncertainties of our product to be 0.06 m on average. Combining two frequencies to simultaneously measure ice and total freeboard reduces the uncertainties in ice thickness by around a factor of two compared with a single-frequency solution combined with a snow depth climatology. The lack of in situ measurements is a limiting factor to assess the advantages of coincident CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2 acquisitions. Validation data are of major importance for upcoming missions.