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<p>Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in traumatic brain injury (TBI), contributing to both damage and recovery, yet no effective therapy exists to mitigate central nervous system (CNS) injury and promote recovery after TBI. In the present study, we found that nasal administration of an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody ameliorated CNS damage and behavioral deficits in a mouse model of contusional TBI. Nasal anti-CD3 induced a population of interleukin (IL)-10-producing regulatory T cells (T<sub>reg</sub> cells) that migrated to the brain and closely contacted microglia. T<sub>reg</sub> cells directly reduced chronic microglia inflammation and regulated their phagocytic function in an IL-10-dependent manner. Blocking the IL-10 receptor globally or specifically on microglia in vivo abrogated the beneficial effects of nasal anti-CD3. However, the adoptive transfer of IL-10-producing T<sub>reg</sub> cells to TBI-injured mice restored these beneficial effects by enhancing microglial phagocytic capacity and reducing microglia-induced neuroinflammation. These findings suggest that nasal anti-CD3 represents a promising new therapeutic approach for treating TBI and potentially other forms of acute brain injury.</p>

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Nasal anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody ameliorates traumatic brain injury, enhances microglial phagocytosis and reduces neuroinflammation via IL-10-dependent Treg–microglia crosstalk

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月27日

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  • Saef Izzy,
  • Taha Yahya,
  • Omar Albastaki,
  • Hadi Abou-El-Hassan,
  • Michael Aronchik,
  • Tian Cao,
  • Marilia Garcia De Oliveira,
  • Kuan-Jung Lu,
  • Thais G. Moreira,
  • Patrick da Silva,
  • Masen L. Boucher,
  • Leah C. Beauchamp,
  • Danielle S. LeServe,
  • Wesley Nogueira Brandao,
  • Ana Carolina Durão,
  • Toby Lanser,
  • Federico Montini,
  • Joon-Hyuk Lee,
  • Joshua D. Bernstock,
  • Megha Kaul,
  • Gabriel Pasquarelli-do-Nascimento,
  • Kusha Chopra,
  • Rajesh Krishnan,
  • Rebekah Mannix,
  • Rafael M. Rezende,
  • Francisco J. Quintana,
  • Oleg Butovsky,
  • Howard L. Weiner

摘要

Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in traumatic brain injury (TBI), contributing to both damage and recovery, yet no effective therapy exists to mitigate central nervous system (CNS) injury and promote recovery after TBI. In the present study, we found that nasal administration of an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody ameliorated CNS damage and behavioral deficits in a mouse model of contusional TBI. Nasal anti-CD3 induced a population of interleukin (IL)-10-producing regulatory T cells (Treg cells) that migrated to the brain and closely contacted microglia. Treg cells directly reduced chronic microglia inflammation and regulated their phagocytic function in an IL-10-dependent manner. Blocking the IL-10 receptor globally or specifically on microglia in vivo abrogated the beneficial effects of nasal anti-CD3. However, the adoptive transfer of IL-10-producing Treg cells to TBI-injured mice restored these beneficial effects by enhancing microglial phagocytic capacity and reducing microglia-induced neuroinflammation. These findings suggest that nasal anti-CD3 represents a promising new therapeutic approach for treating TBI and potentially other forms of acute brain injury.