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<p>In 2022, monkeypox virus (MPXV) clade IIb emerged resulting in a global epidemic driven by human-to-human transmission, mostly through sexual contact mainly among the population of men who have sex with men. To date, published data on the circulation of MPXV clade IIb in the central African region are absent. Here we describe a case of laboratory-confirmed mpox clade IIb lineage A2.2 in Pointe-Noire, the second largest city of the Republic of the Congo. Whole-genome phylogenetic analysis placed the MPXV in clade IIb, lineage A.2.2 currently emerging in West Africa, in particular Sierra Leone. An additional 16 cases of clade Ia, 32 cases of clade Ib and one additional introduction of clade IIb were identified by passive surveillance in the Republic of the Congo in 2025. The detection of clade IIb mpox marks the third distinct MPXV clade and lineage co-circulating in the human population, together with clade Ia and Ib. This underscores the need for improved surveillance and diagnostic strategies to identify the respective clade and lineage circulating in the human population. Strengthening of regional capacity for case detection, contact-tracing, public health measures and affordable vaccines are urgently needed to reduce the global risk for both clade I and clade II MPXV.</p>

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Evidence of monkeypox virus clade IIb lineage A.2.2 in the Republic of the Congo and co-circulation of clade Ia, Ib and clade IIb

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月3日

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  • Felix Koukouikila-Koussounda,
  • Claude Kwe Yinda,
  • Pembe Issamou Mayangue,
  • Dachel Aymard Eyenet Boussam,
  • Reiche Golmard Elenga,
  • Leadisaelle Hosanna Lenguiya,
  • Ghislain Dzeret Indolo,
  • Bani Reize Vishnou Ampiri,
  • Lucette Nathalie Macosso,
  • Igor Judicaël Louzolo,
  • Isaac Samuel Onyakouang,
  • Jordy Exaucé Lyelet Demboux,
  • Jean Medar Kankou,
  • Aristide Gilbert Nianga,
  • Avelin F. Aghokeng,
  • Vincent Jacobus Munster,
  • Fabien Roch Niama

摘要

In 2022, monkeypox virus (MPXV) clade IIb emerged resulting in a global epidemic driven by human-to-human transmission, mostly through sexual contact mainly among the population of men who have sex with men. To date, published data on the circulation of MPXV clade IIb in the central African region are absent. Here we describe a case of laboratory-confirmed mpox clade IIb lineage A2.2 in Pointe-Noire, the second largest city of the Republic of the Congo. Whole-genome phylogenetic analysis placed the MPXV in clade IIb, lineage A.2.2 currently emerging in West Africa, in particular Sierra Leone. An additional 16 cases of clade Ia, 32 cases of clade Ib and one additional introduction of clade IIb were identified by passive surveillance in the Republic of the Congo in 2025. The detection of clade IIb mpox marks the third distinct MPXV clade and lineage co-circulating in the human population, together with clade Ia and Ib. This underscores the need for improved surveillance and diagnostic strategies to identify the respective clade and lineage circulating in the human population. Strengthening of regional capacity for case detection, contact-tracing, public health measures and affordable vaccines are urgently needed to reduce the global risk for both clade I and clade II MPXV.