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<p>Crop genomes accumulate deleterious mutations—a phenomenon known as the cost of domestication. Precision genome editing has been proposed to eliminate such potentially harmful mutations; however, experimental demonstration is lacking. Here we identified a deleterious mutation in the tomato transcription factor <i>SUPPRESSOR OF SP2</i> (<i>SSP2</i>), which became prevalent in the domesticated germplasm and diminished DNA binding to genome-wide targets. We found that the action of <i>SSP2</i> is partially redundant with that of its paralog <i>SSP</i> in regulating shoot and inflorescence architecture. However, redundancy was compromised during tomato domestication and lost completely in the closely related species <i>Physalis grisea</i>, in which a single ortholog regulates shoot branching. We applied base editing to directly repair the deleterious mutation in cultivated tomato and obtained plants with compact growth that provide an early fruit yield. Our work shows how deleterious variants have sensitized modern genotypes for phenotypic tuning and illustrates how repairing deleterious mutations with genome editing may allow predictable crop improvement.</p>

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Repairing a deleterious domestication variant in a floral regulator gene of tomato by base editing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月2日

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  • Anna N. Glaus,
  • Marion Brechet,
  • Gwen Swinnen,
  • Ludivine Lebeigle,
  • Justyna Iwaszkiewicz,
  • Giovanna Ambrosini,
  • Irene Julca,
  • Jing Zhang,
  • Robyn Roberts,
  • Christian Iseli,
  • Nicolas Guex,
  • José Jiménez-Gómez,
  • Natasha Glover,
  • Gregory B. Martin,
  • Susan Strickler,
  • Sebastian Soyk

摘要

Crop genomes accumulate deleterious mutations—a phenomenon known as the cost of domestication. Precision genome editing has been proposed to eliminate such potentially harmful mutations; however, experimental demonstration is lacking. Here we identified a deleterious mutation in the tomato transcription factor SUPPRESSOR OF SP2 (SSP2), which became prevalent in the domesticated germplasm and diminished DNA binding to genome-wide targets. We found that the action of SSP2 is partially redundant with that of its paralog SSP in regulating shoot and inflorescence architecture. However, redundancy was compromised during tomato domestication and lost completely in the closely related species Physalis grisea, in which a single ortholog regulates shoot branching. We applied base editing to directly repair the deleterious mutation in cultivated tomato and obtained plants with compact growth that provide an early fruit yield. Our work shows how deleterious variants have sensitized modern genotypes for phenotypic tuning and illustrates how repairing deleterious mutations with genome editing may allow predictable crop improvement.