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<p>Flowering plant sexual reproduction requires double fertilization, yielding embryo and endosperm seed compartments: the latter supports embryo growth and seed germination. In an experiment to generate haploid embryos through inhibition of pollen phospholipase activity in sunflower (<i>Helianthus annus</i>), we serendipitously discovered that emasculated sunflowers spontaneously form parthenogenic haploid seed. Exploration of genetic, chemical and environmental factors demonstrated that a specific genotype background enabled high parthenogenesis and that full spectrum high-intensity light supplementation boosted parthenogenesis, yielding hundreds of haploid seeds per head. Induction of doubled haploid plants can greatly accelerate plant breeding efficiency; however, despite successful engineering of haploid induction in many crops, few reported systems are commercially scalable<sup><CitationRef CitationID="CR1">1</CitationRef></sup>. Here we report efficient methods of chemical emasculation and genome doubling to produce fertile plants and enable a scalable sunflower doubled haploid system.</p>

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Haploid facultative parthenogenesis in sunflower sexual reproduction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月2日

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  • Jian Lv,
  • Dawei Liang,
  • Eric Bumann,
  • Virginie Mirleau Thebaud,
  • Huaibing Jin,
  • Changbao Li,
  • Clemence Paris,
  • Yinghui Dan,
  • Chao Li,
  • Ruijie Cui,
  • Xianxia Chen,
  • David Szwerdszarf,
  • Peter Wittich,
  • Bobby Clegg,
  • Agustin Tassara,
  • Hongmei Dan,
  • Xiaolong Tian,
  • Zhiqiang Liu,
  • Wen Cai,
  • Bin Sun,
  • Jared Carter,
  • Paul Drayton,
  • Federico Bock,
  • Timothy Kelliher

摘要

Flowering plant sexual reproduction requires double fertilization, yielding embryo and endosperm seed compartments: the latter supports embryo growth and seed germination. In an experiment to generate haploid embryos through inhibition of pollen phospholipase activity in sunflower (Helianthus annus), we serendipitously discovered that emasculated sunflowers spontaneously form parthenogenic haploid seed. Exploration of genetic, chemical and environmental factors demonstrated that a specific genotype background enabled high parthenogenesis and that full spectrum high-intensity light supplementation boosted parthenogenesis, yielding hundreds of haploid seeds per head. Induction of doubled haploid plants can greatly accelerate plant breeding efficiency; however, despite successful engineering of haploid induction in many crops, few reported systems are commercially scalable1. Here we report efficient methods of chemical emasculation and genome doubling to produce fertile plants and enable a scalable sunflower doubled haploid system.