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<p>The fusion of non-Abelian anyons is a fundamental operation in measurement-only topological quantum computation<sup><CitationRef CitationID="CR1">1</CitationRef></sup>. In one-dimensional topological superconductors (1DTSs)<sup><CitationRef AdditionalCitationIDS="CR3" CitationID="CR2">2</CitationRef>–<CitationRef CitationID="CR4">4</CitationRef></sup>, fusion amounts to a determination of the shared fermion parity of Majorana zero modes (MZMs). Here we introduce a device architecture<sup><CitationRef CitationID="CR5">5</CitationRef></sup> that is compatible with future tests of fusion rules. We implement a single-shot interferometric measurement of fermion parity<sup><CitationRef AdditionalCitationIDS="CR7 CR8 CR9 CR10" CitationID="CR6">6</CitationRef>–<CitationRef CitationID="CR11">11</CitationRef></sup> in indium arsenide–aluminium heterostructures with a gate-defined superconducting nanowire<sup><CitationRef AdditionalCitationIDS="CR13" CitationID="CR12">12</CitationRef>–<CitationRef CitationID="CR14">14</CitationRef></sup>. The interferometer is formed by tunnel-coupling the proximitized nanowire to quantum dots. The nanowire causes a state-dependent shift of the quantum capacitance of these quantum dots of up to 1 fF. Our quantum-capacitance measurements show flux <i>h</i>/2<i>e</i>-periodic bimodality with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 1 in 3.6 μs at optimal flux values. From the time traces of the quantum-capacitance measurements, we extract a dwell time in the two associated states that is longer than 1 ms at in-plane magnetic fields of approximately 2 T. We discuss the interpretation of our measurements in terms of both topologically trivial and non-trivial origins. The large capacitance shift and long poisoning time enable a parity measurement with an assignment error probability of 1%.</p>

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Interferometric single-shot parity measurement in InAs–Al hybrid devices

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月19日

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  • Morteza Aghaee,
  • Alejandro Alcaraz Ramirez,
  • Zulfi Alam,
  • Rizwan Ali,
  • Mariusz Andrzejczuk,
  • Andrey Antipov,
  • Mikhail Astafev,
  • Amin Barzegar,
  • Bela Bauer,
  • Jonathan Becker,
  • Umesh Kumar Bhaskar,
  • Alex Bocharov,
  • Srini Boddapati,
  • David Bohn,
  • Jouri Bommer,
  • Leo Bourdet,
  • Arnaud Bousquet,
  • Samuel Boutin,
  • Lucas Casparis,
  • Benjamin J. Chapman,
  • Sohail Chatoor,
  • Anna Wulff Christensen,
  • Cassandra Chua,
  • Patrick Codd,
  • William Cole,
  • Paul Cooper,
  • Fabiano Corsetti,
  • Ajuan Cui,
  • Paolo Dalpasso,
  • Juan Pablo Dehollain,
  • Gijs de Lange,
  • Michiel de Moor,
  • Andreas Ekefjärd,
  • Tareq El Dandachi,
  • Juan Carlos Estrada Saldaña,
  • Saeed Fallahi,
  • Luca Galletti,
  • Geoff Gardner,
  • Deshan Govender,
  • Flavio Griggio,
  • Ruben Grigoryan,
  • Sebastian Grijalva,
  • Sergei Gronin,
  • Jan Gukelberger,
  • Marzie Hamdast,
  • Firas Hamze,
  • Esben Bork Hansen,
  • Sebastian Heedt,
  • Zahra Heidarnia,
  • Jesús Herranz Zamorano,
  • Samantha Ho,
  • Laurens Holgaard,
  • John Hornibrook,
  • Jinnapat Indrapiromkul,
  • Henrik Ingerslev,
  • Lovro Ivancevic,
  • Thomas Jensen,
  • Jaspreet Jhoja,
  • Jeffrey Jones,
  • Konstantin V. Kalashnikov,
  • Ray Kallaher,
  • Rachpon Kalra,
  • Farhad Karimi,
  • Torsten Karzig,
  • Evelyn King,
  • Maren Elisabeth Kloster,
  • Christina Knapp,
  • Dariusz Kocon,
  • Jonne V. Koski,
  • Pasi Kostamo,
  • Mahesh Kumar,
  • Tom Laeven,
  • Thorvald Larsen,
  • Jason Lee,
  • Kyunghoon Lee,
  • Grant Leum,
  • Kongyi Li,
  • Tyler Lindemann,
  • Matthew Looij,
  • Julie Love,
  • Marijn Lucas,
  • Roman Lutchyn,
  • Morten Hannibal Madsen,
  • Nash Madulid,
  • Albert Malmros,
  • Michael Manfra,
  • Devashish Mantri,
  • Signe Brynold Markussen,
  • Esteban Martinez,
  • Marco Mattila,
  • Robert McNeil,
  • Antonio B. Mei,
  • Ryan V. Mishmash,
  • Gopakumar Mohandas,
  • Christian Mollgaard,
  • Trevor Morgan,
  • George Moussa,
  • Chetan Nayak,
  • Jens Hedegaard Nielsen,
  • Jens Munk Nielsen,
  • William Hvidtfelt Padkar Nielsen,
  • Bas Nijholt,
  • Mike Nystrom,
  • Eoin O’Farrell,
  • Thomas Ohki,
  • Keita Otani,
  • Brian Paquelet Wütz,
  • Sebastian Pauka,
  • Karl Petersson,
  • Luca Petit,
  • Dima Pikulin,
  • Guen Prawiroatmodjo,
  • Frank Preiss,
  • Eduardo Puchol Morejon,
  • Mohana Rajpalke,
  • Craig Ranta,
  • Katrine Rasmussen,
  • David Razmadze,
  • Outi Reentila,
  • David J. Reilly,
  • Yuan Ren,
  • Ken Reneris,
  • Richard Rouse,
  • Ivan Sadovskyy,
  • Lauri Sainiemi,
  • Irene Sanlorenzo,
  • Emma Schmidgall,
  • Cristina Sfiligoj,
  • Mustafeez Bashir Shah,
  • Kevin Simoes,
  • Shilpi Singh,
  • Sarat Sinha,
  • Thomas Soerensen,
  • Patrick Sohr,
  • Tomas Stankevic,
  • Lieuwe Stek,
  • Eric Stuppard,
  • Henri Suominen,
  • Judith Suter,
  • Sam Teicher,
  • Nivetha Thiyagarajah,
  • Raj Tholapi,
  • Mason Thomas,
  • Emily Toomey,
  • Josh Tracy,
  • Michelle Turley,
  • Shivendra Upadhyay,
  • Ivan Urban,
  • Kevin Van Hoogdalem,
  • David J. Van Woerkom,
  • Dmitrii V. Viazmitinov,
  • Dominik Vogel,
  • John Watson,
  • Alex Webster,
  • Joseph Weston,
  • Georg W. Winkler,
  • Di Xu,
  • Chung Kai Yang,
  • Emrah Yucelen,
  • Roland Zeisel,
  • Guoji Zheng,
  • Justin Zilke

摘要

The fusion of non-Abelian anyons is a fundamental operation in measurement-only topological quantum computation1. In one-dimensional topological superconductors (1DTSs)2–4, fusion amounts to a determination of the shared fermion parity of Majorana zero modes (MZMs). Here we introduce a device architecture5 that is compatible with future tests of fusion rules. We implement a single-shot interferometric measurement of fermion parity6–11 in indium arsenide–aluminium heterostructures with a gate-defined superconducting nanowire12–14. The interferometer is formed by tunnel-coupling the proximitized nanowire to quantum dots. The nanowire causes a state-dependent shift of the quantum capacitance of these quantum dots of up to 1 fF. Our quantum-capacitance measurements show flux h/2e-periodic bimodality with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 1 in 3.6 μs at optimal flux values. From the time traces of the quantum-capacitance measurements, we extract a dwell time in the two associated states that is longer than 1 ms at in-plane magnetic fields of approximately 2 T. We discuss the interpretation of our measurements in terms of both topologically trivial and non-trivial origins. The large capacitance shift and long poisoning time enable a parity measurement with an assignment error probability of 1%.