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<p>Nanoprinting has emerged over the past 30 years as a powerful fabrication strategy for scalable, high-resolution optical metasurfaces made from a diverse range of materials. In this Review, we provide an overview of nanoprinting technologies for optical metasurfaces, examining how challenges are addressed in pattern fidelity, throughput and compatibility with diverse optical materials. Recent advances have extended the range of materials beyond polymers to include nanoparticle-embedded resins, sol–gel oxides, active materials and quantum dots, enabling new optical functions and reconfigurability. We also highlight how nanoprinting is driving the development of optical metasurfaces in both vertical integration and large-area parallel fabrication. Finally, we outline promising research directions, including applications in waveguides, artificial-intelligence-driven inverse design and sustainable material systems. By bridging innovation in materials science with scalable nanofabrication techniques, nanoprinting holds potential as a key enabler for next-generation flat optics.</p>

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Nanoprinting metasurfaces with engineered optical materials

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Dong Kyo Oh,
  • Hyunjung Kang,
  • Dohyun Kang,
  • Joohoon Kim,
  • Junsuk Rho

摘要

Nanoprinting has emerged over the past 30 years as a powerful fabrication strategy for scalable, high-resolution optical metasurfaces made from a diverse range of materials. In this Review, we provide an overview of nanoprinting technologies for optical metasurfaces, examining how challenges are addressed in pattern fidelity, throughput and compatibility with diverse optical materials. Recent advances have extended the range of materials beyond polymers to include nanoparticle-embedded resins, sol–gel oxides, active materials and quantum dots, enabling new optical functions and reconfigurability. We also highlight how nanoprinting is driving the development of optical metasurfaces in both vertical integration and large-area parallel fabrication. Finally, we outline promising research directions, including applications in waveguides, artificial-intelligence-driven inverse design and sustainable material systems. By bridging innovation in materials science with scalable nanofabrication techniques, nanoprinting holds potential as a key enabler for next-generation flat optics.