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<p>Supplying energy in a clean and affordable manner, without damaging the environment, is one of the most pressing problems society now faces. Hydrogen can facilitate a low-carbon or net-zero emissions future; however, producing it on demand and in large quantities from thermodynamically stable gaseous-state, liquid-state and solid-state sources presents challenges, both environmentally and economically. Numerous catalytic routes have been proposed to promote H<sub>2</sub> production efficiently, and considerable improvements have been achieved by harnessing atomic-level catalysts. This Review presents an account of the advancements achieved for current and potential future H<sub>2</sub>-generation technologies by incorporating single-atom-based catalyst materials. The reactions considered herein include a wide range of established and advanced reforming, partial-oxidation and direct dehydrogenation of various forms of hydrogen-containing substances. The relevant fundamental catalytic reaction mechanisms along with maximum-achievable H<sub>2</sub> capacities, high-performing catalyst materials and structure–activity insights are discussed. Further perspectives on the different processes are provided to include CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, techno-economics, environmental impact, low-carbon and waste-based production, concomitant CO<sub>2</sub> capture, and CO<sub>x</sub> elimination and H<sub>2</sub> purification, along with cost and scalability factors of the catalysts.</p><p></p>

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Hydrogen generation promoted by single-atom-based thermochemical catalysts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月19日

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  • Srinivas Gadipelli,
  • Jian Guo,
  • Juntao Li,
  • Hanieh Akbari,
  • Christopher A. Howard,
  • Hong Zhang,
  • Neal T. Skipper,
  • Jerry Barker,
  • Paul R. Shearing,
  • Dan J. L. Brett

摘要

Supplying energy in a clean and affordable manner, without damaging the environment, is one of the most pressing problems society now faces. Hydrogen can facilitate a low-carbon or net-zero emissions future; however, producing it on demand and in large quantities from thermodynamically stable gaseous-state, liquid-state and solid-state sources presents challenges, both environmentally and economically. Numerous catalytic routes have been proposed to promote H2 production efficiently, and considerable improvements have been achieved by harnessing atomic-level catalysts. This Review presents an account of the advancements achieved for current and potential future H2-generation technologies by incorporating single-atom-based catalyst materials. The reactions considered herein include a wide range of established and advanced reforming, partial-oxidation and direct dehydrogenation of various forms of hydrogen-containing substances. The relevant fundamental catalytic reaction mechanisms along with maximum-achievable H2 capacities, high-performing catalyst materials and structure–activity insights are discussed. Further perspectives on the different processes are provided to include CO2 emissions, techno-economics, environmental impact, low-carbon and waste-based production, concomitant CO2 capture, and COx elimination and H2 purification, along with cost and scalability factors of the catalysts.