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<p>Quantum error correction is needed for quantum computers to be capable of executing algorithms using hundreds of logical qubits in a fault-tolerant manner. Recent experiments have progressed towards this by demonstrating sufficiently low error rates for state preservation of a single logical qubit. However, quantum computation algorithms also require that these logical qubits can be entangled and that gate operations can be performed on them. Lattice surgery is a technique that offers a practical approach for implementing such gates, particularly in planar quantum processor layouts. Here we demonstrate lattice surgery between two distance-three repetition-code qubits by splitting a single distance-three surface-code qubit. Using a quantum circuit that is fault-tolerant for bit-flip errors, we achieve an improvement in the value of the decoded <i>Z</i><i>Z</i> logical two-qubit observable compared with a similar non-encoded circuit. We therefore demonstrate the functional building blocks needed for lattice-surgery operations on larger-distance codes based on superconducting circuits.</p>

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Lattice surgery realized on two distance-three repetition codes with superconducting qubits

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月30日

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  • Ilya Besedin,
  • Michael Kerschbaum,
  • Jonathan Knoll,
  • Ian Hesner,
  • Lukas Bödeker,
  • Luis Colmenarez,
  • Luca Hofele,
  • Nathan Lacroix,
  • Christoph Hellings,
  • François Swiadek,
  • Alexander Flasby,
  • Mohsen Bahrami Panah,
  • Dante Colao Zanuz,
  • Markus Müller,
  • Andreas Wallraff

摘要

Quantum error correction is needed for quantum computers to be capable of executing algorithms using hundreds of logical qubits in a fault-tolerant manner. Recent experiments have progressed towards this by demonstrating sufficiently low error rates for state preservation of a single logical qubit. However, quantum computation algorithms also require that these logical qubits can be entangled and that gate operations can be performed on them. Lattice surgery is a technique that offers a practical approach for implementing such gates, particularly in planar quantum processor layouts. Here we demonstrate lattice surgery between two distance-three repetition-code qubits by splitting a single distance-three surface-code qubit. Using a quantum circuit that is fault-tolerant for bit-flip errors, we achieve an improvement in the value of the decoded ZZ logical two-qubit observable compared with a similar non-encoded circuit. We therefore demonstrate the functional building blocks needed for lattice-surgery operations on larger-distance codes based on superconducting circuits.