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<p>The demonstration of soliton self-compression in the terawatt-level regime using large-core hollow capillary fibres and long-wavelength driving pulses has opened new possibilities for tabletop ultrafast spectroscopy experiments. Here we report the creation of phase-stable sub-cycle self-compressed light transients, as well as their field- and phase-resolved optical field sampling. We demonstrate the direct in situ measurement of self-compressed light transients, reaching durations down to 2.5 ± 0.2 fs, which is half of an optical cycle at a centroid wavelength of 1,366 nm, and determine their waveform phase offset. We apply these transients to soft X-ray high-harmonic generation and attosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy at 250 eV demonstrates the utility of the sub-cycle light transients for experiments with ultimate temporal resolution. The advances reported in this work merge the deep sub-cycle temporal resolution offered by self-compressed, phase-characterized light transients and showcase their application for water-window attosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy, pushing the boundaries of achievable temporal resolution.</p>

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Self-compressed waveform-stable light transients enabling water-window attosecond spectroscopy

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月13日

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  • Valentina Utrio Lanfaloni,
  • Federico Vismarra,
  • Emir Ardali,
  • Nicholas Monahan,
  • Joss Wiese,
  • Tristan Kopp,
  • Fernando Ardana-Lamas,
  • Giuseppe Fazio,
  • Leonardo Redaelli,
  • Yoann Pertot,
  • Kristina Zinchenko,
  • Tadas Balčiūnas,
  • Hans Jakob Wörner

摘要

The demonstration of soliton self-compression in the terawatt-level regime using large-core hollow capillary fibres and long-wavelength driving pulses has opened new possibilities for tabletop ultrafast spectroscopy experiments. Here we report the creation of phase-stable sub-cycle self-compressed light transients, as well as their field- and phase-resolved optical field sampling. We demonstrate the direct in situ measurement of self-compressed light transients, reaching durations down to 2.5 ± 0.2 fs, which is half of an optical cycle at a centroid wavelength of 1,366 nm, and determine their waveform phase offset. We apply these transients to soft X-ray high-harmonic generation and attosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy at 250 eV demonstrates the utility of the sub-cycle light transients for experiments with ultimate temporal resolution. The advances reported in this work merge the deep sub-cycle temporal resolution offered by self-compressed, phase-characterized light transients and showcase their application for water-window attosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy, pushing the boundaries of achievable temporal resolution.