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<p>Conventional metal-tip-based laser-driven electron sources are normally constrained by a trade-off between energy spread and pulse width due to optical-field-induced free electron acceleration. This makes it challenging to surpass the current state-of-the-art, which exhibits energy spreads exceeding 1 eV and pulse durations of hundreds of femtoseconds. Here we report an unconventional delayed emission from a one-dimensional carbon-nanotube-based electron source. By utilizing a special pump–probe approach, we apply 7-fs laser pulses to the carbon-nanotube emitters and observe free electron emission tens of femtoseconds after the pulse. This delayed emission results in a substantially reduced energy spread of approximately 0.3 eV and an electron pulse width of about 13 fs. Through time-dependent density functional theory calculations, we find that the delayed emission is driven by the interplay of collective oscillations and electron–electron interactions. Our results may provide a promising technology for developing cutting-edge ultrafast electron sources.</p>

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A carbon-nanotube-based electron source with a 0.3-eV energy spread and an unconventional time delay

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月2日

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  • Ke Chen,
  • Chao Yu,
  • Xiaowei Wang,
  • Shenghan Zhou,
  • Li Wang,
  • Yusong Qu,
  • Aiwei Wang,
  • Fan Xiao,
  • Zhenjun Li,
  • Chi Li,
  • Jiayu Dai,
  • Xiangang Wan,
  • Ruifeng Lu,
  • Qing Dai

摘要

Conventional metal-tip-based laser-driven electron sources are normally constrained by a trade-off between energy spread and pulse width due to optical-field-induced free electron acceleration. This makes it challenging to surpass the current state-of-the-art, which exhibits energy spreads exceeding 1 eV and pulse durations of hundreds of femtoseconds. Here we report an unconventional delayed emission from a one-dimensional carbon-nanotube-based electron source. By utilizing a special pump–probe approach, we apply 7-fs laser pulses to the carbon-nanotube emitters and observe free electron emission tens of femtoseconds after the pulse. This delayed emission results in a substantially reduced energy spread of approximately 0.3 eV and an electron pulse width of about 13 fs. Through time-dependent density functional theory calculations, we find that the delayed emission is driven by the interplay of collective oscillations and electron–electron interactions. Our results may provide a promising technology for developing cutting-edge ultrafast electron sources.