Oxygen-tolerant electrochemical CO2 separation using N-heterocyclic imines with superstoichiometric release per electron
摘要
Electrochemically mediated CO2 capture offers a promising alternative to thermochemical capture, but benchmark sorbents possess an undesired trade-off: strong CO2 binding necessitates a highly negative reduction potential, driving undesirable oxygen reduction. Meanwhile, more positive potentials compromise binding. Here we circumvent this trade-off using N-heterocyclic imines (NHIs), which exhibit a tailorable CO2 binding strength (~50–100 kJ mol−1 CO2) in the neutral state and release CO2 upon electro-oxidation, distinct from prevailing molecular capture mechanisms. Whereas initial NHI structures exhibited redox irreversibility due to solvent-based hydrogen abstraction, a phenylene-linked bis(NHI) design achieves redox reversibility by charge delocalization on the benzene ring, which simultaneously enables a 2 CO2 per e− swing. A symmetric electrochemically mediated CO2 capture system demonstrated stable cycling performance over 40 cycles and operated > 500 mV more positive than the oxygen reduction reaction, with projected theoretical minimum energy consumption of ~10 kJ mol−1 CO2 and a system work of 28–43 kJ mol−1 CO2 under 5–15% CO2.