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<p>High-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells offer inherent impurity tolerance and simplified thermal/water management. However, conventional phosphoric acid-doped membranes must be relatively thick (typically &gt;50 μm) to counteract H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-induced mechanical degradation, leading to ohmic losses that limit fuel cell performance. Here we report a 20-μm-thin, mechanically robust phosphoric acid-doped membrane incorporating dynamic Cu-ion crosslinking for high-power-density high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. The dynamic Cu-polymer coordination establishes dynamic crosslinking networks that provide exceptional toughness and extensibility, alongside spontaneous self-healing capability. Simultaneously, the Cu ions improve H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> retention and proton dissociation through electrostatic interactions and polarization of O–H bonds in H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> molecules. The resulting thin membranes exhibit minimal ohmic resistance (0.06 Ω cm<sup>2</sup>) while maintaining low H<sub>2</sub> crossover current density (0.95 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>). Fuel cells incorporating this membrane achieved a peak power density of 3.08 W cm<sup>−2</sup> at 200 °C (H<sub>2</sub>/O<sub>2</sub>), with negligible degradation over 503 h at 1.0 A cm<sup>−2</sup> and 160 °C.</p>

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Thin membranes with Cu-ion crosslinking for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月1日

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  • Zhenguo Zhang,
  • Qi Zhang,
  • Wen Li,
  • Wen Liu,
  • Jialin Zhang,
  • Jin Zhang,
  • Haining Wang,
  • Yan Xiang,
  • Shanfu Lu

摘要

High-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells offer inherent impurity tolerance and simplified thermal/water management. However, conventional phosphoric acid-doped membranes must be relatively thick (typically >50 μm) to counteract H3PO4-induced mechanical degradation, leading to ohmic losses that limit fuel cell performance. Here we report a 20-μm-thin, mechanically robust phosphoric acid-doped membrane incorporating dynamic Cu-ion crosslinking for high-power-density high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. The dynamic Cu-polymer coordination establishes dynamic crosslinking networks that provide exceptional toughness and extensibility, alongside spontaneous self-healing capability. Simultaneously, the Cu ions improve H3PO4 retention and proton dissociation through electrostatic interactions and polarization of O–H bonds in H3PO4 molecules. The resulting thin membranes exhibit minimal ohmic resistance (0.06 Ω cm2) while maintaining low H2 crossover current density (0.95 mA cm−2). Fuel cells incorporating this membrane achieved a peak power density of 3.08 W cm−2 at 200 °C (H2/O2), with negligible degradation over 503 h at 1.0 A cm−2 and 160 °C.