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<p>Chitosan nanoparticles are emerging as versatile vaccine carriers that enhance antigen stability, improve mucosal delivery, and strengthen immune activation. This review synthesizes advances in their biological functions, chemical engineering, fabrication, and performance across inactivated, subunit, and nucleic acid vaccines. It defines structure function principles that guide rational design for thermostable and effective immunization, highlighting the promise of needle free mucosal vaccination for scalable use across diverse settings.</p>

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Chitosan nanoparticles for mucosal and needle-free vaccination

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Changchun Chen,
  • Cheng Zhang,
  • Shanyuan Zhu,
  • Shinuo Cao

摘要

Chitosan nanoparticles are emerging as versatile vaccine carriers that enhance antigen stability, improve mucosal delivery, and strengthen immune activation. This review synthesizes advances in their biological functions, chemical engineering, fabrication, and performance across inactivated, subunit, and nucleic acid vaccines. It defines structure function principles that guide rational design for thermostable and effective immunization, highlighting the promise of needle free mucosal vaccination for scalable use across diverse settings.