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<p>Multiple doses of HPV vaccines induce durable, antibody-mediated protection against HPV infections and HPV-associated diseases. Although actual protection against disease by a single HPV vaccination dose has not been confirmed in randomised trials, this regimen induces protection against incident and persistent HPV infection, similar to multi-dose schedules. However, the cellular mechanisms driving durable antibody responses to subunit vaccines remain poorly understood. B cells and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play central roles in long-term antibody-mediated immunity. We characterised plasmablast, memory B cell (Bmem), and Tfh cell responses to assess the effects of dose number and age following HPV vaccination in Gambian females aged 4–26 years. A significant induction of HPV16/18-specific IgM plasmablasts occurred after the first dose, while robust HPV16/18-specific IgG plasmablast, Bmem, and Tfh responses were observed after two or three doses. Activation within the total Tfh pool increased with decreasing age, whereas HPV16/18-specific Tfh activation was higher in older vaccinees. These findings demonstrate the potential of multi-dose HPV vaccination schedules to sustain antibody protection through coordinated B cell and Tfh responses and highlight the need for continued monitoring of single-dose regimen. Exploring HPV vaccination in children under nine years may improve delivery and uptake.</p>

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Plasmablast, memory B cell and T follicular helper cell responses after human papillomavirus vaccination: effect of dose number and age

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月21日

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  • Eunice W. Kiamba,
  • Dolapo O. Ajiboye,
  • Adedapo Olufemi Bashorun,
  • Mamie Ndeban Jallow,
  • Lamin Drammeh,
  • Samba Bah,
  • Tijan Jobarteh,
  • Francis Kanu,
  • Ousubie Jawla,
  • Jobarteh Lamin,
  • Anne Segonds-Pichon,
  • Martin J. Holland,
  • Martin R. Goodier,
  • Sophie Roetynck,
  • Ed Clarke

摘要

Multiple doses of HPV vaccines induce durable, antibody-mediated protection against HPV infections and HPV-associated diseases. Although actual protection against disease by a single HPV vaccination dose has not been confirmed in randomised trials, this regimen induces protection against incident and persistent HPV infection, similar to multi-dose schedules. However, the cellular mechanisms driving durable antibody responses to subunit vaccines remain poorly understood. B cells and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play central roles in long-term antibody-mediated immunity. We characterised plasmablast, memory B cell (Bmem), and Tfh cell responses to assess the effects of dose number and age following HPV vaccination in Gambian females aged 4–26 years. A significant induction of HPV16/18-specific IgM plasmablasts occurred after the first dose, while robust HPV16/18-specific IgG plasmablast, Bmem, and Tfh responses were observed after two or three doses. Activation within the total Tfh pool increased with decreasing age, whereas HPV16/18-specific Tfh activation was higher in older vaccinees. These findings demonstrate the potential of multi-dose HPV vaccination schedules to sustain antibody protection through coordinated B cell and Tfh responses and highlight the need for continued monitoring of single-dose regimen. Exploring HPV vaccination in children under nine years may improve delivery and uptake.