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<p>Malaria remains a major infectious disease, with <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> often co-endemic, requiring a dual-target vaccine for adequate control. We previously developed monovalent vaccines against <i>P. falciparum</i> or <i>P. vivax</i> using vaccinia virus LC16m8Δ (m8Δ) and adeno-associated virus type 1 (AAV1). Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of a novel bivalent malaria vaccine against <i>P. falciparum</i> and <i>P. vivax</i>. The m8Δ vaccine harbors two gene cassettes encoding Pfs25-PfCSP and Pvs25-PvCSP fusion proteins, while the AAV1 vaccine includes two recombinant AAV1s carrying one of these cassettes as a mixture. Heterologous m8Δ-prime and AAV1-boost immunization provided 70% protection against both PfCSP/Pb and PvCSP/Pb transgenic sporozoites. Moreover, a membrane feeding assay using <i>P. vivax</i> isolates from infected patients in the Brazilian Amazon showed 90% transmission-blocking efficacy. The bivalent vaccine outperformed monovalent combinations, maintaining immune responses for over 7 months, and shows promise for malaria control and elimination.</p>

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Malaria bivalent viral vectored vaccine protects against Plasmodium falciparum and vivax and blocks parasite transmission

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月26日

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  • Yutaro Yamamoto,
  • Takuto Katayama,
  • Camila Fabbri,
  • Sora Niwa,
  • Daiki Okuhara,
  • Mitsuhiro Iyori,
  • Ammar A. Hasyim,
  • Hiroaki Mizukami,
  • Hisatoshi Shida,
  • Stefanie Lopes,
  • Shigeto Yoshida

摘要

Malaria remains a major infectious disease, with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax often co-endemic, requiring a dual-target vaccine for adequate control. We previously developed monovalent vaccines against P. falciparum or P. vivax using vaccinia virus LC16m8Δ (m8Δ) and adeno-associated virus type 1 (AAV1). Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of a novel bivalent malaria vaccine against P. falciparum and P. vivax. The m8Δ vaccine harbors two gene cassettes encoding Pfs25-PfCSP and Pvs25-PvCSP fusion proteins, while the AAV1 vaccine includes two recombinant AAV1s carrying one of these cassettes as a mixture. Heterologous m8Δ-prime and AAV1-boost immunization provided 70% protection against both PfCSP/Pb and PvCSP/Pb transgenic sporozoites. Moreover, a membrane feeding assay using P. vivax isolates from infected patients in the Brazilian Amazon showed 90% transmission-blocking efficacy. The bivalent vaccine outperformed monovalent combinations, maintaining immune responses for over 7 months, and shows promise for malaria control and elimination.