<p>Ensuring the safety of widely consumed floral tea requires robust methods for monitoring pesticide residues. Herein, an innovative magnetic effervescence-assisted liquid-liquid extraction (MEALLE) method was developed for the rapid detection of pyrethroids in <i>Chrysanthemum morifolium</i> Ramat (<i>C. morifolium</i>). Effervescent tablets containing CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sup>+</sup> donors, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes were prepared via one-pot grinding-and-pressing preparation. During extraction, the tablet was introduced into <i>C. morifolium</i> powder pre-moistened with acidified acetonitrile as the extracting solvent. By integrating effervescence, salting-out, and magnetic aggregation, this method simplified the sample preparation procedure, eliminated the need for vortexing and centrifugation, and reduced the total time to approximately 3 min. Coupled with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), the method exhibited excellent linearity (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> &gt; 0.998), sensitivity (limits of quantification: 1.6–4.1 μg kg<sup>−1</sup>), accuracy (recovery: 73.9–108.7%), and precision (relative standard deviations &lt; 5.7%). Application of the MEALLE method to commercial <i>C. morifolium</i> samples further validated its robustness and versatility. Overall, this approach provide a time-effective, equipment-independent solution for pesticide residue analysis that is independent of auxiliary equipment during the sample pretreatment, thereby serving as a valuable tool for ensuring the safety of processed floral products.</p><p></p>

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Innovative magnetic effervescence‑assisted microextraction for ensuring food safety: rapid monitoring of pyrethroid residues in Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat

  • Gaotian Li,
  • Menglei Wang,
  • Zheyuan Xu,
  • Hongqing Wang,
  • Guofang Shen,
  • Zhi Yang,
  • Hailong Xiao,
  • Jinhua Yan,
  • Xuming Ji,
  • Jiazhao Ruan

摘要

Ensuring the safety of widely consumed floral tea requires robust methods for monitoring pesticide residues. Herein, an innovative magnetic effervescence-assisted liquid-liquid extraction (MEALLE) method was developed for the rapid detection of pyrethroids in Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat (C. morifolium). Effervescent tablets containing CO2/H+ donors, Fe3O4, and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes were prepared via one-pot grinding-and-pressing preparation. During extraction, the tablet was introduced into C. morifolium powder pre-moistened with acidified acetonitrile as the extracting solvent. By integrating effervescence, salting-out, and magnetic aggregation, this method simplified the sample preparation procedure, eliminated the need for vortexing and centrifugation, and reduced the total time to approximately 3 min. Coupled with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), the method exhibited excellent linearity (R2 > 0.998), sensitivity (limits of quantification: 1.6–4.1 μg kg−1), accuracy (recovery: 73.9–108.7%), and precision (relative standard deviations < 5.7%). Application of the MEALLE method to commercial C. morifolium samples further validated its robustness and versatility. Overall, this approach provide a time-effective, equipment-independent solution for pesticide residue analysis that is independent of auxiliary equipment during the sample pretreatment, thereby serving as a valuable tool for ensuring the safety of processed floral products.