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<p>Growth factors (GFs) contribute to over 90% of the total expenses of medium costs. In this study, a codon-optimized gene encoding bovine, salmon, and cod FGF-2 was cloned into an <i>E. coli</i> expression vector. The bioactivity of the recombinant FGF-2 was tested in serum-free medium, demonstrating its ability to support MuSC proliferation and signaling pathways, ERK, and p38. Using serum-free medium with fetuin and Insulin–Transferrin–Selenium (ITS), all three in-house-produced recombinant FGF-2 variants showed positive effects on MuSC proliferation. Notably, bovine FGF-2 performed better using low concentrations (2 ng/mL) than the salmon and cod FGF-2, which required higher concentrations (17.5–70 ng/mL) to achieve the same effect on the cells. A synergistic relationship between bovine FGF-2 and the p38 inhibitor was revealed. These findings suggest that the medium cost from FGF-2 can be significantly reduced with optimized production and application strategies, supporting the large-scale viability of CM production.</p>

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Cloning, expression and functional characterization of prepared bovine, salmon, and cod basic fibroblast growth factor-2

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月21日

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  • S. Skrivergaard,
  • M. E. Pedersen,
  • A. Holck,
  • A. Fagerlund,
  • L. Axelsson,
  • N. T. Solberg,
  • M. K. Rasmussen,
  • J. F. Young,
  • M. Therkildsen,
  • S. B. Rønning

摘要

Growth factors (GFs) contribute to over 90% of the total expenses of medium costs. In this study, a codon-optimized gene encoding bovine, salmon, and cod FGF-2 was cloned into an E. coli expression vector. The bioactivity of the recombinant FGF-2 was tested in serum-free medium, demonstrating its ability to support MuSC proliferation and signaling pathways, ERK, and p38. Using serum-free medium with fetuin and Insulin–Transferrin–Selenium (ITS), all three in-house-produced recombinant FGF-2 variants showed positive effects on MuSC proliferation. Notably, bovine FGF-2 performed better using low concentrations (2 ng/mL) than the salmon and cod FGF-2, which required higher concentrations (17.5–70 ng/mL) to achieve the same effect on the cells. A synergistic relationship between bovine FGF-2 and the p38 inhibitor was revealed. These findings suggest that the medium cost from FGF-2 can be significantly reduced with optimized production and application strategies, supporting the large-scale viability of CM production.