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<p>The study examined the vitamin A status in commercially managed suckler cows and lactating dairy cows and identified primary influencing factors. Liver retinyl ester concentrations were higher in multiparous than primiparous cows (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Pasture availability was associated with higher β-carotene concentrations (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In dairy cows, pasture access during the dry period did not affect any of the parameters assayed. β-Carotene and retinol in milk increased with parity. No vitamin A deficiency or hypervitaminosis A was detected. Liver and milk retinol and retinyl ester concentrations that were analysed in the present study and data from a recent German total diet study were used to estimate the exposure to preformed vitamin A in vulnerable groups (children, 0.5–5 years). 95th percentiles of preformed vitamin A intake do not exceed tolerable upper intake levels in individuals between 1 year and 5 years, but in infants 6 to 12 months of age.</p>

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Vitamin A concentration in bovine liver and milk does not only depend on characteristics of the farming system

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月17日

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  • Kirsten Schulz,
  • Martin Bachmann,
  • Jens Raila,
  • Ruth Schmitt,
  • Rudolf Staufenbiel,
  • Heiko Scholz,
  • Monika Wensch-Dorendorf,
  • Sebastian Ptok,
  • Anke Weissenborn,
  • Robert Pieper

摘要

The study examined the vitamin A status in commercially managed suckler cows and lactating dairy cows and identified primary influencing factors. Liver retinyl ester concentrations were higher in multiparous than primiparous cows (p < 0.01). Pasture availability was associated with higher β-carotene concentrations (p < 0.001). In dairy cows, pasture access during the dry period did not affect any of the parameters assayed. β-Carotene and retinol in milk increased with parity. No vitamin A deficiency or hypervitaminosis A was detected. Liver and milk retinol and retinyl ester concentrations that were analysed in the present study and data from a recent German total diet study were used to estimate the exposure to preformed vitamin A in vulnerable groups (children, 0.5–5 years). 95th percentiles of preformed vitamin A intake do not exceed tolerable upper intake levels in individuals between 1 year and 5 years, but in infants 6 to 12 months of age.