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<p>Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center ensembles in diamond are one of the most promising solid-state quantum platforms for various sensing applications. Achieving ultimate sensitivity requires simultaneously long spin dephasing times (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({T}_{2}^{* }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mrow> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>*</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) and high NV center concentrations. In this work, we propose a systematic measurement approach to quantify the electron spin dephasing in NV center ensembles and analyze the contributions of various sources to the dephasing time, including NV-NV interactions, strain and electric field distributions, <sup>13</sup>C nuclear spins, and P1 electron spins. Our method is validated using a series of high-performance diamond samples, providing a comprehensive understanding of dephasing mechanisms and revealing correlations between NV concentration and different dephasing sources. Building on these insights, we outline strategies to further enhance the achievable sensitivity for DC magnetic field measurements.</p>

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Unraveling quantum dephasing of nitrogen-vacancy center ensembles in diamond

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月12日

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  • Jixing Zhang,
  • Cheuk Kit Cheung,
  • Michael Kübler,
  • Magnus Benke,
  • Mathis Brossaud,
  • Yihua Wang,
  • Andrej Denisenko,
  • Ruoming Peng,
  • Jens Anders,
  • Emilio Corcione,
  • Cristina Tarín Sauer,
  • Andrew M. Edmonds,
  • Matthew Markham,
  • Kazuo Nakamura,
  • Hitoshi Sumiya,
  • Shinobu Onoda,
  • Junichi Isoya,
  • Chen Zhang,
  • Jörg Wrachtrup

摘要

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center ensembles in diamond are one of the most promising solid-state quantum platforms for various sensing applications. Achieving ultimate sensitivity requires simultaneously long spin dephasing times ( \({T}_{2}^{* }\) T 2 * ) and high NV center concentrations. In this work, we propose a systematic measurement approach to quantify the electron spin dephasing in NV center ensembles and analyze the contributions of various sources to the dephasing time, including NV-NV interactions, strain and electric field distributions, 13C nuclear spins, and P1 electron spins. Our method is validated using a series of high-performance diamond samples, providing a comprehensive understanding of dephasing mechanisms and revealing correlations between NV concentration and different dephasing sources. Building on these insights, we outline strategies to further enhance the achievable sensitivity for DC magnetic field measurements.