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<p>Emerging quantum networks unlock the potential for distributed quantum computing, secure quantum communication and enhanced quantum sensing. Toward practical deployment of quantum networks, the interconnections among various quantum systems, particularly cryogenic platforms for generation, storage and detection of quantum states, must be established. Here, we demonstrate a scalable multiuser entanglement distribution network across cryogenic nodes employing integrated photonic chips. Broadband entangled photon pairs are emitted by a silicon supplier chip, and then multiplexed and distributed to heterogeneously integrated receiver chips consisting of silicon pump filters and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. A five-user fully connected quantum network is implemented utilizing ten pairs of entangled photons, and all measured raw visibilities significantly exceed the classical limit, expanding the application scope of quantum networks to cryogenic regimes. Our results pave the way for realizing future practical quantum networks bridging different quantum systems.</p>

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Multiuser entanglement distribution network across cryogenic nodes enabled by integrated photonic chips

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月6日

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  • Zhiyun Shu,
  • Yuchi Li,
  • Xiaoyu Liu,
  • You Xiao,
  • Jia Huang,
  • Hongxin Xu,
  • Zhen Wang,
  • Lixing You,
  • Hao Li

摘要

Emerging quantum networks unlock the potential for distributed quantum computing, secure quantum communication and enhanced quantum sensing. Toward practical deployment of quantum networks, the interconnections among various quantum systems, particularly cryogenic platforms for generation, storage and detection of quantum states, must be established. Here, we demonstrate a scalable multiuser entanglement distribution network across cryogenic nodes employing integrated photonic chips. Broadband entangled photon pairs are emitted by a silicon supplier chip, and then multiplexed and distributed to heterogeneously integrated receiver chips consisting of silicon pump filters and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. A five-user fully connected quantum network is implemented utilizing ten pairs of entangled photons, and all measured raw visibilities significantly exceed the classical limit, expanding the application scope of quantum networks to cryogenic regimes. Our results pave the way for realizing future practical quantum networks bridging different quantum systems.