<p>One potential route toward fault-tolerant universal quantum computation is to use non-Abelian topological codes. In this work, we investigate how to achieve this goal with the quantum double model <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41534_2025_1063_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal{D}}({S}_{3})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">D</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. By embedding each on-site Hilbert space into a qubit-qutrit pair, we explicitly construct circuits for creating, moving, and locally measuring all non-trivial anyons. We also design a specialized anyon interferometer to remotely measure the total charge of well-separated anyons; this avoids fusion, which compromises fault tolerance. These protocols enable the implementation of a universal gate set proposed by Cui et al. and active correction of the circuit-level noise during computation. To further suppress errors, we encode each physical degree of freedom of <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41534_2025_1063_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal{D}}({S}_{3})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">D</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> into a novel error-correcting code, enabling fault-tolerant realization, at the logical level, of all gates in the anyon manipulation circuits. Our proposal offers a promising path to realize robust universal topological quantum computation in the NISQ era.</p>

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A universal circuit set using the S3 quantum double

  • Liyuan Chen,
  • Yuanjie Ren,
  • Ruihua Fan,
  • Arthur Jaffe

摘要

One potential route toward fault-tolerant universal quantum computation is to use non-Abelian topological codes. In this work, we investigate how to achieve this goal with the quantum double model \({\mathcal{D}}({S}_{3})\) D ( S 3 ) . By embedding each on-site Hilbert space into a qubit-qutrit pair, we explicitly construct circuits for creating, moving, and locally measuring all non-trivial anyons. We also design a specialized anyon interferometer to remotely measure the total charge of well-separated anyons; this avoids fusion, which compromises fault tolerance. These protocols enable the implementation of a universal gate set proposed by Cui et al. and active correction of the circuit-level noise during computation. To further suppress errors, we encode each physical degree of freedom of \({\mathcal{D}}({S}_{3})\) D ( S 3 ) into a novel error-correcting code, enabling fault-tolerant realization, at the logical level, of all gates in the anyon manipulation circuits. Our proposal offers a promising path to realize robust universal topological quantum computation in the NISQ era.