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<p>Hydrovoltaic power generators that convert water–nanomaterial interactions into electricity represent a promising route for sustainable energy harvesting. However, most previous studies have relied on non-stretchable planar designs, requiring continuous water flow or ionic solutions. Here, we present a fully stretchable hydrovoltaic cell (FSHC) with a parallel double-helix configuration of neat and oxidized carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers wound around an elastomeric core. This winding-locked double-helix architecture ensures mechanical robustness and stable electrical properties under strain. When immersed in quiescent deionized water, the FSHC generates ~0.31 V and ~22.4 µA/cm<sup>2</sup>, maintaining reliable performance up to 200% strain. To demonstrate its potential in wearable applications, the FSHC is integrated into a fabric glove. Moreover, multiple FSHCs connected in series or parallel provide sufficient power to drive a twisted CNT fiber actuator. This study introduces a deformable hydrovoltaic platform for fiber-based energy harvesters, broadening their applicability to wearable electronics and self-powered actuation.</p>

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Fully stretchable hydrovoltaic cells based on winding-locked double-helical carbon nanotube fibers

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Wonkyeong Son,
  • Jae Myeong Lee,
  • Hyunji Seo,
  • Gyu Hyeon Song,
  • Seon Jeong Kim,
  • Sooncheol Kwon,
  • Sung Beom Cho,
  • Sungwoo Chun,
  • Shi Hyeong Kim,
  • Changsoon Choi

摘要

Hydrovoltaic power generators that convert water–nanomaterial interactions into electricity represent a promising route for sustainable energy harvesting. However, most previous studies have relied on non-stretchable planar designs, requiring continuous water flow or ionic solutions. Here, we present a fully stretchable hydrovoltaic cell (FSHC) with a parallel double-helix configuration of neat and oxidized carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers wound around an elastomeric core. This winding-locked double-helix architecture ensures mechanical robustness and stable electrical properties under strain. When immersed in quiescent deionized water, the FSHC generates ~0.31 V and ~22.4 µA/cm2, maintaining reliable performance up to 200% strain. To demonstrate its potential in wearable applications, the FSHC is integrated into a fabric glove. Moreover, multiple FSHCs connected in series or parallel provide sufficient power to drive a twisted CNT fiber actuator. This study introduces a deformable hydrovoltaic platform for fiber-based energy harvesters, broadening their applicability to wearable electronics and self-powered actuation.