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<p>We demonstrate an enhancement in the figure of merit (μC*) of a flexible organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) and its dopamine (DA) biosensor by blending various open-shell, non-conjugated radical polymers featuring nitroxide radical active sites as pendant groups with closed-shell, ethylene glycol (EG)-functionalized conjugated polymers as a macromolecular active layer system. The precisely controlled ionic transport of the OECT by the radical polymer modulated the doping level of the EGylated polymer, ensuring well-regulated redox activity and resulting in <i>μC</i>* values exceeding 192 F V<sup>-</sup>¹ cm<sup>-</sup>¹ s<sup>-</sup>¹, along with an on/off ratio of 10<sup>4</sup>. Additionally, we achieved an ultrasensitive detection limit for DA at the clinically relevant level of 1 pM, along with exceptional specificity, effectively distinguishing DA even in the presence of a substantial excess of interfering substances. These findings underscore the potential of a systematic design approach for developing an advanced, flexible OECT-based biosensor platform through the strategic selection and processing of open- and closed-shell macromolecules.</p>

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Engineering flexible dopamine biosensors: blended EGylated conjugated and radical polymers in organic electrochemical transistors

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月2日

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  • Dinh Cung Tien Nguyen,
  • Quyen Vu Thi,
  • Quynh H. Nguyen,
  • Jaehyoung Ko,
  • Hoyeon Lee,
  • Bryan Boudouris,
  • Seung-Yeol Jeon,
  • Yongho Joo

摘要

We demonstrate an enhancement in the figure of merit (μC*) of a flexible organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) and its dopamine (DA) biosensor by blending various open-shell, non-conjugated radical polymers featuring nitroxide radical active sites as pendant groups with closed-shell, ethylene glycol (EG)-functionalized conjugated polymers as a macromolecular active layer system. The precisely controlled ionic transport of the OECT by the radical polymer modulated the doping level of the EGylated polymer, ensuring well-regulated redox activity and resulting in μC* values exceeding 192 F V-¹ cm-¹ s-¹, along with an on/off ratio of 104. Additionally, we achieved an ultrasensitive detection limit for DA at the clinically relevant level of 1 pM, along with exceptional specificity, effectively distinguishing DA even in the presence of a substantial excess of interfering substances. These findings underscore the potential of a systematic design approach for developing an advanced, flexible OECT-based biosensor platform through the strategic selection and processing of open- and closed-shell macromolecules.