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<p>To prevent pre-flight and on-orbit infections, NASA crew participate in a comprehensive Health Stabilization Program (HSP), which includes pre-flight quarantine, vaccination and demonstrated immunity, personal protective equipment, and crew and support personnel training. We aggregated historical spaceflight data to assess the incidence of pre-flight infectious exposures in spaceflight, to determine the effectiveness of HSP protocols, and to characterize risk factors associated with pre-flight exposure resulting in on-orbit illness. Medical and operational records on U.S. spaceflight missions from the Apollo Program through 2024 were retrospectively aggregated and analyzed. HSP-related mission-events were defined as an event where an identified failure, breach of protocol, or exposure occurred during the HSP/quarantine period resulting in one or more crewmember illnesses. In 196 aggregated spaceflight missions, 30 missions (15%) included infectious events among crew in the launch timeframe. In two missions (1%), launch of an ill crew further exposed additional on-orbit crews with infectious sequelae. Overall, launch delay due to crew infection occurred in two missions (1% of the aggregate cohort). While infectious events have occurred in spaceflight crew, HSP has resulted in overall mission success, with no HSP-related medical evacuations, no severe on-orbit medical sequelae, and no long-term health impacts related to HSP events.</p>

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Infectious disease outcomes of NASA’s health stabilization program

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月8日

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  • Rebecca S. Blue,
  • Robert A. Mulcahy,
  • Amy J. Kreykes,
  • Robert Haddon,
  • James M. Pattarini,
  • Benjamin D. Johansen,
  • Rahul Suresh

摘要

To prevent pre-flight and on-orbit infections, NASA crew participate in a comprehensive Health Stabilization Program (HSP), which includes pre-flight quarantine, vaccination and demonstrated immunity, personal protective equipment, and crew and support personnel training. We aggregated historical spaceflight data to assess the incidence of pre-flight infectious exposures in spaceflight, to determine the effectiveness of HSP protocols, and to characterize risk factors associated with pre-flight exposure resulting in on-orbit illness. Medical and operational records on U.S. spaceflight missions from the Apollo Program through 2024 were retrospectively aggregated and analyzed. HSP-related mission-events were defined as an event where an identified failure, breach of protocol, or exposure occurred during the HSP/quarantine period resulting in one or more crewmember illnesses. In 196 aggregated spaceflight missions, 30 missions (15%) included infectious events among crew in the launch timeframe. In two missions (1%), launch of an ill crew further exposed additional on-orbit crews with infectious sequelae. Overall, launch delay due to crew infection occurred in two missions (1% of the aggregate cohort). While infectious events have occurred in spaceflight crew, HSP has resulted in overall mission success, with no HSP-related medical evacuations, no severe on-orbit medical sequelae, and no long-term health impacts related to HSP events.