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<p>Unlike earlier short-duration lunar missions, current exploration-class missions include extended periods of microgravity exposure prior to lunar surface operations. Current exercise systems on the International Space Station are bulky and power-intensive, limiting their applicability for deep space missions. The European Enhanced Exploration Exercise Device (E4D) addresses these constraints by combining aerobic and resistive exercises in a compact, multifunctional device. This study compared kinematics and perceived exertion between exercises performed on E4D’s unpowered mode and conventional gym equipment. Fourteen participants performed rowing, seated row, deadlifts, and bench press under both conditions while wearing a sensor-based motion capture system. Differences in joint angles, angular velocities, and perceived exertion were observed, likely influenced by variations in ergonomics, force production mechanics, and load distribution. Whilst differences were significant, full-body aerobic and resistive exercises were possible using a single device without a motor to generate resistance, relevant for missions with volume and power constraints.</p>

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Kinematic analysis of the European Enhanced Exploration Exercise Device in unpowered mode

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Christian Winther Nielsen,
  • Anne Villekjær Østerballe,
  • Rasmus Leisgaard Tougaard,
  • Jennifer Struble,
  • Ryan Godsk Larsen,
  • Bernd Lohmann,
  • Patrick Jaekel,
  • Tobias Weber,
  • Mark de Zee,
  • Enrico De Martino

摘要

Unlike earlier short-duration lunar missions, current exploration-class missions include extended periods of microgravity exposure prior to lunar surface operations. Current exercise systems on the International Space Station are bulky and power-intensive, limiting their applicability for deep space missions. The European Enhanced Exploration Exercise Device (E4D) addresses these constraints by combining aerobic and resistive exercises in a compact, multifunctional device. This study compared kinematics and perceived exertion between exercises performed on E4D’s unpowered mode and conventional gym equipment. Fourteen participants performed rowing, seated row, deadlifts, and bench press under both conditions while wearing a sensor-based motion capture system. Differences in joint angles, angular velocities, and perceived exertion were observed, likely influenced by variations in ergonomics, force production mechanics, and load distribution. Whilst differences were significant, full-body aerobic and resistive exercises were possible using a single device without a motor to generate resistance, relevant for missions with volume and power constraints.