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<p>Spaceflight missions represent a new exposome, unpredicted by evolution. Life-threatening agents activate non-specific stress responses involving the psycho-immune-neuroendocrine network. The main molecular pathways regulating this network and those affected by spaceflight exposome/microgravity are reported in various experimental setups. They include gut microbiota-derived metabolites, potentially valuable for countermeasure development. Meaningfully, the application of neuromodulation techniques, like the non-invasive transcutaneous vagal stimulation, for the prevention of pathophysiological alterations related to stress responses, is discussed.</p>

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Spaceflight exposome/microgravity effects on the psychoimmunoneuroendocrine system

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月26日

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  • Miriam Capri,
  • Nicola Montano,
  • Sara Piccirillo,
  • Marco Narici,
  • Francesca Ferranti,
  • Mauro Maccarrone

摘要

Spaceflight missions represent a new exposome, unpredicted by evolution. Life-threatening agents activate non-specific stress responses involving the psycho-immune-neuroendocrine network. The main molecular pathways regulating this network and those affected by spaceflight exposome/microgravity are reported in various experimental setups. They include gut microbiota-derived metabolites, potentially valuable for countermeasure development. Meaningfully, the application of neuromodulation techniques, like the non-invasive transcutaneous vagal stimulation, for the prevention of pathophysiological alterations related to stress responses, is discussed.