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<p>Ultrafast control of transient magnetization in non-magnetic materials is a central challenge for next-generation spintronics. In monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides, optically induced magnetization is typically short-lived due to rapid carrier relaxation, where phonons are conventionally regarded as a dissipative background. Here, we show that phonons can instead act as active control knobs by selectively reshaping non-equilibrium carrier dynamics. Using first-principles momentum-resolved quantum simulations, we demonstrate that different phonon modes selectively activate distinct carrier-scattering pathways, leading to markedly different transient magnetic responses. In particular, long-wavelength longitudinal acoustic phonons accelerate electron spin equilibration through Elliott-Yafet-type scattering while leaving hole relaxation comparatively slow, resulting in an enhanced transient magnetic moment. In contrast, excitation of the zone-edge optical phonon at the K valley activates competing intervalley scattering channels that substantially suppress the magnetic-moment enhancement. Our results establish a phonon-enabled route to control spin and valley dynamics, opening new opportunities for manipulating magnetic responses in two-dimensional semiconductors.</p>

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Selective phonon-excitation controls transient magnetization in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月2日

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  • Jinhong Xu,
  • Youyou Tu,
  • Zhenfa Zheng,
  • Qijing Zheng,
  • Jin Zhao

摘要

Ultrafast control of transient magnetization in non-magnetic materials is a central challenge for next-generation spintronics. In monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides, optically induced magnetization is typically short-lived due to rapid carrier relaxation, where phonons are conventionally regarded as a dissipative background. Here, we show that phonons can instead act as active control knobs by selectively reshaping non-equilibrium carrier dynamics. Using first-principles momentum-resolved quantum simulations, we demonstrate that different phonon modes selectively activate distinct carrier-scattering pathways, leading to markedly different transient magnetic responses. In particular, long-wavelength longitudinal acoustic phonons accelerate electron spin equilibration through Elliott-Yafet-type scattering while leaving hole relaxation comparatively slow, resulting in an enhanced transient magnetic moment. In contrast, excitation of the zone-edge optical phonon at the K valley activates competing intervalley scattering channels that substantially suppress the magnetic-moment enhancement. Our results establish a phonon-enabled route to control spin and valley dynamics, opening new opportunities for manipulating magnetic responses in two-dimensional semiconductors.