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<p>The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) is a bidirectional network linking gut microbes to the CNS. This review elucidates how microbial messengers—short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, neuroactive metabolites, and extracellular vesicles—drive obesity and type 2 diabetes via neural, endocrine, and immune pathways. MGBA dysregulation triggers hypothalamic dysfunction, adipose inflammation, incretin axis impairment, and β‑cell failure. We discuss MGBA—targeted therapies and their translational challenges.</p>

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The microbiota-gut-brain axis: novel mechanisms and therapeutic frontiers in obesity and type 2 diabetes

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Kaile Ma,
  • Qiqi Zhang,
  • Rui Hao,
  • Xiao Sun,
  • Jing Jia,
  • Min Li

摘要

The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) is a bidirectional network linking gut microbes to the CNS. This review elucidates how microbial messengers—short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, neuroactive metabolites, and extracellular vesicles—drive obesity and type 2 diabetes via neural, endocrine, and immune pathways. MGBA dysregulation triggers hypothalamic dysfunction, adipose inflammation, incretin axis impairment, and β‑cell failure. We discuss MGBA—targeted therapies and their translational challenges.