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<p>Tidal wetlands are important blue carbon ecosystems, yet global estimates of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and dynamics across mangroves, salt marshes, and tidal flats remain unclear. Using 42,154 records and 63 environmental covariates, we generate global tidal wetland SOC maps for two periods (2009-2014 and 2015-2020) at three depths. Here we show that SOC stocks decrease from <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"><EquationSource Format="TEX">\({8.80}_{2.61}^{20.94}\)</EquationSource><EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math><msubsup><mrow><mn>8.80</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2.61</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>20.94</mn></mrow></msubsup></math></EquationSource></InlineEquation>Pg (mean, 5<sup>th</sup>-95<sup>th</sup> percentile prediction interval) to <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"><EquationSource Format="TEX">\({8.27}_{2.27}^{20.61}\)</EquationSource><EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math><msubsup><mrow><mn>8.27</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2.27</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>20.61</mn></mrow></msubsup></math></EquationSource></InlineEquation>Pg, representing a 6.11% decline, with greater losses in deeper layers. Low-latitude regions, particularly South Asia and Africa, are loss hotspots, and lower-middle and upper-middle income countries experience pronounced losses. Mangroves suffer the largest losses primarily due to SOC density decline, whereas salt marshes gain in both area and SOC density. Climate, elevation, and total suspended matter drive mangrove SOC changes; oceanographic factors influence salt marshes and dominate tidal flats. This work reveals the magnitude of blue carbon spatio-temporal change, underscoring the need for targeted conservation.</p>

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Spatio-temporal patterns and environmental controls of soil organic carbon stocks in global tidal wetlands since 2009

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Chenconghai Yang,
  • Lin Yang,
  • Jie Wang,
  • Xiang Li,
  • Lei Zhang,
  • Wenkai Cui

摘要

Tidal wetlands are important blue carbon ecosystems, yet global estimates of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and dynamics across mangroves, salt marshes, and tidal flats remain unclear. Using 42,154 records and 63 environmental covariates, we generate global tidal wetland SOC maps for two periods (2009-2014 and 2015-2020) at three depths. Here we show that SOC stocks decrease from \({8.80}_{2.61}^{20.94}\)8.802.6120.94Pg (mean, 5th-95th percentile prediction interval) to \({8.27}_{2.27}^{20.61}\)8.272.2720.61Pg, representing a 6.11% decline, with greater losses in deeper layers. Low-latitude regions, particularly South Asia and Africa, are loss hotspots, and lower-middle and upper-middle income countries experience pronounced losses. Mangroves suffer the largest losses primarily due to SOC density decline, whereas salt marshes gain in both area and SOC density. Climate, elevation, and total suspended matter drive mangrove SOC changes; oceanographic factors influence salt marshes and dominate tidal flats. This work reveals the magnitude of blue carbon spatio-temporal change, underscoring the need for targeted conservation.