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<p>Exoplanets around massive young stars, including hot spectral-class B (B-type) stars, are rare but important for understanding how planets form and survive. Most known examples are either very distant companions found by direct imaging or extremely close-in planets found by transit surveys, leaving planets at intermediate orbital distances largely unexplored. Here, we show that this missing population can be revealed through evolved stars. Using space-based stellar oscillations and stellar-evolution models, we identify four known planet-hosting catalogue stars, HD 2952, HD 120084, HIP 65891, and HIP 67537 (Henry Draper and Hipparcos catalogue identifiers), as massive helium-burning giant stars. We reconstruct their birth properties and find that all four were originally B-type stars hosting giant planets at intermediate orbital distances. Orbital-evolution calculations show that the present systems can survive the expansion of their host stars after the main sequence. These systems uncover a hidden population of planets around B-type stars and extend tests of planet formation and survival into a previously inaccessible regime.</p>

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B-type host stars revealed by exoplanets around massive secondary-clump giant stars

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Wen-Xu Lin,
  • Sheng-Bang Qian,
  • Qi-Bin Sun,
  • Li-Ying Zhu,
  • Wen-Ping Liao,
  • Ting Li,
  • Fu-Xing Li,
  • Liang Liu,
  • Xiang-Dong Shi,
  • LinJia Li,
  • Ergang Zhao,
  • Huiting Zhang,
  • Ping Li,
  • Jing Li,
  • Ming Lian

摘要

Exoplanets around massive young stars, including hot spectral-class B (B-type) stars, are rare but important for understanding how planets form and survive. Most known examples are either very distant companions found by direct imaging or extremely close-in planets found by transit surveys, leaving planets at intermediate orbital distances largely unexplored. Here, we show that this missing population can be revealed through evolved stars. Using space-based stellar oscillations and stellar-evolution models, we identify four known planet-hosting catalogue stars, HD 2952, HD 120084, HIP 65891, and HIP 67537 (Henry Draper and Hipparcos catalogue identifiers), as massive helium-burning giant stars. We reconstruct their birth properties and find that all four were originally B-type stars hosting giant planets at intermediate orbital distances. Orbital-evolution calculations show that the present systems can survive the expansion of their host stars after the main sequence. These systems uncover a hidden population of planets around B-type stars and extend tests of planet formation and survival into a previously inaccessible regime.