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<p>The seawater contains approximately 99% of Earth’s bromide reserves. Therefore, the extraction of bromine from the seawater offers a promising approach to ensure a sustainable supply of bromine. However, the traditional electrochemical extraction method for direct bromine extraction are inapplicable, owing to the low concentration of bromide in seawater (~60 ppm). In this work, we develop an electrolysis-driven styrene enrichment process for efficient bromide recovery from seawater. As for the electrooxidation of bromide, we screen a series of metal phthalocyanines supported on carbon nanotube as the electrocatalysts. Through accelerating the bromine evolution reaction and suppressing the side reaction, nickel phthalocyanine supported on carbon nanotubes exhibit the highest activity with the Faradic efficiency of 97.8% for bromine production among all catalysts. Coupling this catalyst with the ESE process for direct bromine extraction from the Yellow Sea’s seawater, the extraction efficiency of 90.0% is achieved with the product of pure KBr powder. Moreover, the co-produced styrene oxide can be efficiently separated via vacuum distillation, significantly promoting the economic value of this ESE process.</p>

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Direct extraction of bromine from seawater through an electrolysis-driven styrene enrichment process

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Yini Chen,
  • Jingwen Ke,
  • Wenbin Ye,
  • Yuxuan Zhou,
  • Lei Song,
  • Weizhao Hu,
  • Zhigang Geng,
  • Yuan Hu

摘要

The seawater contains approximately 99% of Earth’s bromide reserves. Therefore, the extraction of bromine from the seawater offers a promising approach to ensure a sustainable supply of bromine. However, the traditional electrochemical extraction method for direct bromine extraction are inapplicable, owing to the low concentration of bromide in seawater (~60 ppm). In this work, we develop an electrolysis-driven styrene enrichment process for efficient bromide recovery from seawater. As for the electrooxidation of bromide, we screen a series of metal phthalocyanines supported on carbon nanotube as the electrocatalysts. Through accelerating the bromine evolution reaction and suppressing the side reaction, nickel phthalocyanine supported on carbon nanotubes exhibit the highest activity with the Faradic efficiency of 97.8% for bromine production among all catalysts. Coupling this catalyst with the ESE process for direct bromine extraction from the Yellow Sea’s seawater, the extraction efficiency of 90.0% is achieved with the product of pure KBr powder. Moreover, the co-produced styrene oxide can be efficiently separated via vacuum distillation, significantly promoting the economic value of this ESE process.