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<p>Controlling ferroelectric polarization with light promises a frontier for ultrafast optoelectronics. Yet the fundamental mechanism by which transient photoexcitation produces persistent photocurrent retention has remained elusive. Here we demonstrate a quasiparticle state that mediates photoferroic retention in the van der Waals ferroelectric CuInP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub>. We identify ferrons, collective excitations of dipole-carrying lattice vibrations, as carriers of optically imprinted polarization states. Narrowband resonant ferron oscillations at 2.16 THz exhibit a butterfly-shaped hysteresis that mirrors the photocurrent hysteresis response, directly linking ferron dynamics to polarization-dependent photocurrent retention at room temperature. Above-bandgap photoexcitation drives ferron formation through displacive excitation of coherent lattice motion, enabling carrier-mediated reconfiguration of ferroelectric domains, while sub-bandgap excitation leaves the polarization unaltered. The analytical calculations quantitatively capture the symmetry-dependent photocurrent generation and the consequence of the ferron-mediated hysteresis. These results establish ferronics, the manipulation of ferroelectric order through ferron&#xa0;quasiparticles, as a distinct paradigm for optically controlled polarization and photocurrent retention in low-dimensional quantum materials.</p>

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Ferron-driven photoferroic hysteresis in van der Waals CuInP2S6

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Sambhu Jana,
  • Baolong Zhang,
  • Sobhan Subhra Mishra,
  • Thomas CaiWei Tan,
  • Apoorva Chaturvedi,
  • Edwin Hang Tong Teo,
  • Ranjan Singh

摘要

Controlling ferroelectric polarization with light promises a frontier for ultrafast optoelectronics. Yet the fundamental mechanism by which transient photoexcitation produces persistent photocurrent retention has remained elusive. Here we demonstrate a quasiparticle state that mediates photoferroic retention in the van der Waals ferroelectric CuInP2S6. We identify ferrons, collective excitations of dipole-carrying lattice vibrations, as carriers of optically imprinted polarization states. Narrowband resonant ferron oscillations at 2.16 THz exhibit a butterfly-shaped hysteresis that mirrors the photocurrent hysteresis response, directly linking ferron dynamics to polarization-dependent photocurrent retention at room temperature. Above-bandgap photoexcitation drives ferron formation through displacive excitation of coherent lattice motion, enabling carrier-mediated reconfiguration of ferroelectric domains, while sub-bandgap excitation leaves the polarization unaltered. The analytical calculations quantitatively capture the symmetry-dependent photocurrent generation and the consequence of the ferron-mediated hysteresis. These results establish ferronics, the manipulation of ferroelectric order through ferron quasiparticles, as a distinct paradigm for optically controlled polarization and photocurrent retention in low-dimensional quantum materials.