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<p>Anaerobic methanotrophic (ANME) archaea have been primarily documented by metagenomic analysis of environmental samples. The mechanisms that drive their diversification and speciation are poorly understood. Here we analyse the phylogenomic diversity at the species and strain levels of clade ANME-1 from deep-sea cold seeps, as a model system with a well-studied phylogenetic framework. We reconstruct high-quality circular metagenomic-assembled genomes (cMAGs) and identify highly variable genomic hotspots that distinguish them. Genomic differentiation and diversification in ANME-1 is associated with genes involved in prokaryotic defense systems, transport mechanisms and methane metabolism. In addition, heterologous expression of ANME-1 <i>hicAB</i> operons supports their proposed role as toxin/antitoxin systems, possibly involved in mediating responses to environmental stresses.</p>

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Diversification in ANME-1 archaea is associated with the presence of highly variable genomic hotspots

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Ying-Li Zhou,
  • Jing-Chun Feng,
  • Rui Lu,
  • Zhe Chen,
  • Paraskevi Mara,
  • Xuanyu Tao,
  • Jinyi Liu,
  • Yongji Huang,
  • Junlin Hu,
  • Jianyun Yao,
  • Virginia P. Edgcomb,
  • Andreas Teske,
  • Xiaoxue Wang,
  • Si Zhang

摘要

Anaerobic methanotrophic (ANME) archaea have been primarily documented by metagenomic analysis of environmental samples. The mechanisms that drive their diversification and speciation are poorly understood. Here we analyse the phylogenomic diversity at the species and strain levels of clade ANME-1 from deep-sea cold seeps, as a model system with a well-studied phylogenetic framework. We reconstruct high-quality circular metagenomic-assembled genomes (cMAGs) and identify highly variable genomic hotspots that distinguish them. Genomic differentiation and diversification in ANME-1 is associated with genes involved in prokaryotic defense systems, transport mechanisms and methane metabolism. In addition, heterologous expression of ANME-1 hicAB operons supports their proposed role as toxin/antitoxin systems, possibly involved in mediating responses to environmental stresses.