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<p>Pulse Transit Time (PTT) is a measure of arterial stiffness and a physiological marker associated with cardiovascular function, with an inverse relationship to diastolic blood pressure (DBP). We present an AI-enabled mmWave system for contactless multi-site PTT measurement using a single radar. By leveraging radar beamforming and deep learning algorithms our system simultaneously measures PTT and estimates diastolic blood pressure at multiple sites. The system was evaluated across three physiological pathways – heart-to-radial artery, heart-to-carotid artery, and mastoid area-to-radial artery – achieving correlation coefficients of 0.75–0.86 compared to contact-based reference sensors for measuring PTT. Furthermore, the system demonstrated correlation coefficients of 0.90–0.91 for estimating DBP, and achieved a mean error of -0.62–0.06 mmHg and standard deviation of 4.54–5.20 mmHg, meeting the FDA’s AAMI guidelines for non-invasive blood pressure monitors. These results suggest that our proposed system has the potential to provide a non-invasive measure of cardiovascular health across multiple regions of the body.</p>

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Measuring multi-site pulse transit time with an AI-enabled mmWave radar

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Jiangyifei Zhu,
  • Kuang Yuan,
  • Akarsh Prabhakara,
  • Yunzhi Li,
  • Gongwei Wang,
  • Kelly Michaelsen,
  • Justin Chan,
  • Swarun Kumar

摘要

Pulse Transit Time (PTT) is a measure of arterial stiffness and a physiological marker associated with cardiovascular function, with an inverse relationship to diastolic blood pressure (DBP). We present an AI-enabled mmWave system for contactless multi-site PTT measurement using a single radar. By leveraging radar beamforming and deep learning algorithms our system simultaneously measures PTT and estimates diastolic blood pressure at multiple sites. The system was evaluated across three physiological pathways – heart-to-radial artery, heart-to-carotid artery, and mastoid area-to-radial artery – achieving correlation coefficients of 0.75–0.86 compared to contact-based reference sensors for measuring PTT. Furthermore, the system demonstrated correlation coefficients of 0.90–0.91 for estimating DBP, and achieved a mean error of -0.62–0.06 mmHg and standard deviation of 4.54–5.20 mmHg, meeting the FDA’s AAMI guidelines for non-invasive blood pressure monitors. These results suggest that our proposed system has the potential to provide a non-invasive measure of cardiovascular health across multiple regions of the body.