<p>Charge density waves are a widespread collective electronic order in quantum materials, furnishing key insights into symmetry breaking and competing phases. However, their dynamic control with external fields remains a significant challenge. Here, we report deterministic and hysteretic switching of unidirectional charge density wave orientation via in-plane magnetic field rotation in magnetic kagome metal GdTi<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>4</sub>. Atomically resolved spectroscopy shows two types of 3a<sub>0</sub> × 1a<sub>0</sub> charge density wave domains, Q<sub>1</sub> and Q<sub>2</sub> oriented 60° apart along two distinct crystallographic directions and separated by atomically sharp domain walls. Rotating the magnetic field drives reversible transitions between these charge density wave configurations, exhibiting a robust C<sub>2</sub>-symmetric phase diagram with pronounced hysteresis. This hysteretic switching is mediated by a field-dependent reorientation of underlying antiferromagnetic spins, revealing a tunable energy landscape with stable and metastable states and modulates the electronic charge order via spin-lattice coupling. Our findings not only demonstrate the switching of charge density wave configurations by in-plane magnetic field but also reveal the mechanism of coupling between charge density wave and magnetic fields, offering new insights into charge density wave manipulation and versatile platform for developing a spin-mediated multistate spin-charge coupling memory and programmable quantum devices.</p>

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Spin-mediated hysteretic switching of unidirectional charge density waves by rotating magnetic fields

  • Zichao Chen,
  • Shiyu Zhu,
  • Kailin Xu,
  • Ruwen Wang,
  • Ningning Wang,
  • Jianfeng Guo,
  • Yunhao Wang,
  • Xianghe Han,
  • Zhongyi Cao,
  • Jianping Sun,
  • Hui Chen,
  • Haitao Yang,
  • Jinguang Cheng,
  • Ziqiang Wang,
  • Hong-Jun Gao

摘要

Charge density waves are a widespread collective electronic order in quantum materials, furnishing key insights into symmetry breaking and competing phases. However, their dynamic control with external fields remains a significant challenge. Here, we report deterministic and hysteretic switching of unidirectional charge density wave orientation via in-plane magnetic field rotation in magnetic kagome metal GdTi3Bi4. Atomically resolved spectroscopy shows two types of 3a0 × 1a0 charge density wave domains, Q1 and Q2 oriented 60° apart along two distinct crystallographic directions and separated by atomically sharp domain walls. Rotating the magnetic field drives reversible transitions between these charge density wave configurations, exhibiting a robust C2-symmetric phase diagram with pronounced hysteresis. This hysteretic switching is mediated by a field-dependent reorientation of underlying antiferromagnetic spins, revealing a tunable energy landscape with stable and metastable states and modulates the electronic charge order via spin-lattice coupling. Our findings not only demonstrate the switching of charge density wave configurations by in-plane magnetic field but also reveal the mechanism of coupling between charge density wave and magnetic fields, offering new insights into charge density wave manipulation and versatile platform for developing a spin-mediated multistate spin-charge coupling memory and programmable quantum devices.