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<p>The inherent brittleness arising from atomic close-packing of inorganic ionic minerals significantly limits their potential applications as elastic materials. Inspired by elastomers and tough minerals, we propose a one-dimensional (1D) inorganic ionic polymerization tactic for developing elastic minerals. Guided by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) chains, calcium silicate oligomers (CSO) undergo 1D polymerization, forming highly flexible PVA/CSO ionic-molecular chains. These chains are hierarchically assembled into nanofibers and bundles, which further crosslink to a flexible network. This structure enables the PVA/CSO bulk to maintain high hardness (~0.78 GPa), Young’s modulus (~20.63 GPa), and specific strength (~74.53 MPa g⁻¹ cm³), while also achieving elastic recovery after 5000 cycles at 10% strain, hence being termed an elastic mineral. Furthermore, smart elastic minerals have been developed and serve as sensors for real-time warning. The proposed 1D inorganic ionic polymerization tactic breaks the boundaries between minerals and elastomers, paving the way for producing high-performance elastic minerals.</p>

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One-dimensional inorganic ionic polymerization for elastic minerals

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月27日

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  • Yongjin Du,
  • Zeyu Gong,
  • Ruoyan He,
  • Manfang Hu,
  • Lina Zhou,
  • Wenge Jiang,
  • Yadong Yu,
  • Junbo Gong

摘要

The inherent brittleness arising from atomic close-packing of inorganic ionic minerals significantly limits their potential applications as elastic materials. Inspired by elastomers and tough minerals, we propose a one-dimensional (1D) inorganic ionic polymerization tactic for developing elastic minerals. Guided by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) chains, calcium silicate oligomers (CSO) undergo 1D polymerization, forming highly flexible PVA/CSO ionic-molecular chains. These chains are hierarchically assembled into nanofibers and bundles, which further crosslink to a flexible network. This structure enables the PVA/CSO bulk to maintain high hardness (~0.78 GPa), Young’s modulus (~20.63 GPa), and specific strength (~74.53 MPa g⁻¹ cm³), while also achieving elastic recovery after 5000 cycles at 10% strain, hence being termed an elastic mineral. Furthermore, smart elastic minerals have been developed and serve as sensors for real-time warning. The proposed 1D inorganic ionic polymerization tactic breaks the boundaries between minerals and elastomers, paving the way for producing high-performance elastic minerals.