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<p>Pest infestations devastate crop production, but chemical pesticides pose environmental and health risks. Eco-friendly biopesticides offer a solution, though limited by bioactive compound discovery. Here, we demonstrate that utilization of Yunnan’s Xishuangbanna—a cucumber diversity hotspot—to identify the local variety XSBN032, which retains desirable agronomic traits under aphid pressure. Metabolomic and GC–MS analyses identify farnesal—a volatile compound significantly enriched in XSBN032—under infested and non-infested conditions. Applying 0.33 g/L farnesal nanoemulsion to cucumber leaves rapidly disrupts aphid metabolism (within 6 h), impairing amino acid pathways and suppressing growth/reproduction, achieving 74.9% mortality within 24 h while preserving plant photosynthesis. Significantly, this treatment demonstrates high environmental safety: 0% earthworm mortality (500 mg/L, 7 days) and negligible effects on natural enemies (0% ladybird mortality; 7.41% green lacewing mortality). Our study establishes an integrated pipeline—from resistant germplasm discovery to biopesticide development—providing a sustainable pest control strategy. Leveraging multi-omics screening and smart delivery systems holds promise for future eco-efficient biopesticides.</p>

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Discovery of farnesal from a wild cucumber landrace enables eco-compatible biopesticide development against aphids

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • Chunyu Suo,
  • Lili Zhang,
  • Qianwei Liang,
  • Chaoyan Chen,
  • Lei Qiu,
  • Ziyi Li,
  • Xinran Zhang,
  • Xuewen Xu,
  • Xiaohua Qi,
  • Xuehao Chen,
  • Jianguo Feng,
  • Xiaodong Yang

摘要

Pest infestations devastate crop production, but chemical pesticides pose environmental and health risks. Eco-friendly biopesticides offer a solution, though limited by bioactive compound discovery. Here, we demonstrate that utilization of Yunnan’s Xishuangbanna—a cucumber diversity hotspot—to identify the local variety XSBN032, which retains desirable agronomic traits under aphid pressure. Metabolomic and GC–MS analyses identify farnesal—a volatile compound significantly enriched in XSBN032—under infested and non-infested conditions. Applying 0.33 g/L farnesal nanoemulsion to cucumber leaves rapidly disrupts aphid metabolism (within 6 h), impairing amino acid pathways and suppressing growth/reproduction, achieving 74.9% mortality within 24 h while preserving plant photosynthesis. Significantly, this treatment demonstrates high environmental safety: 0% earthworm mortality (500 mg/L, 7 days) and negligible effects on natural enemies (0% ladybird mortality; 7.41% green lacewing mortality). Our study establishes an integrated pipeline—from resistant germplasm discovery to biopesticide development—providing a sustainable pest control strategy. Leveraging multi-omics screening and smart delivery systems holds promise for future eco-efficient biopesticides.