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<p>Achieving high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs) under ambient conditions remains a critical bottleneck for commercialization, primarily owing to the strong susceptibility of perovskite precursors and film formation processes to moisture and oxygen. Here, we develop a robust air-processing strategy for inverted PSCs by incorporating 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoroacetate (BMIT) into precursor solutions, resulting in enhanced environmental tolerance of perovskite precursors by inhibiting iodide oxidation and facilitating stable film formation across a wide humidity range (20–60%). Moreover, the balanced ionic coordination suppresses Pb-I aggregation, mitigates colloidal clustering, and modulates nucleation kinetics, resulting in dense, highly crystalline perovskite films with excellent reproducibility. Consequently, we demonstrate high-efficiency devices across varied bandgaps (1.51, 1.54, and 1.68 eV), including a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.48% with a fill factor of up to 85.00% for the 1.54-eV cell. Our device retains 96% of its initial PCE after 1,400 h of continuous 1-sun operation in ambient air.</p>

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Ambient-compatible precursor engineering for efficient perovskite photovoltaics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

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  • Sanwan Liu,
  • Xin Liang,
  • Shaun Tan,
  • Seong Chan Cho,
  • Guiming Fu,
  • Chandan Chandru Gudal,
  • Chan-Hwa Chung,
  • Yalan Zhang,
  • Yeon-Woo Choi,
  • Dae-Woong Ko,
  • Hyun-Suk Jung,
  • Sang Uck Lee,
  • Moungi G. Bawendi,
  • Nam-Gyu Park

摘要

Achieving high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs) under ambient conditions remains a critical bottleneck for commercialization, primarily owing to the strong susceptibility of perovskite precursors and film formation processes to moisture and oxygen. Here, we develop a robust air-processing strategy for inverted PSCs by incorporating 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoroacetate (BMIT) into precursor solutions, resulting in enhanced environmental tolerance of perovskite precursors by inhibiting iodide oxidation and facilitating stable film formation across a wide humidity range (20–60%). Moreover, the balanced ionic coordination suppresses Pb-I aggregation, mitigates colloidal clustering, and modulates nucleation kinetics, resulting in dense, highly crystalline perovskite films with excellent reproducibility. Consequently, we demonstrate high-efficiency devices across varied bandgaps (1.51, 1.54, and 1.68 eV), including a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.48% with a fill factor of up to 85.00% for the 1.54-eV cell. Our device retains 96% of its initial PCE after 1,400 h of continuous 1-sun operation in ambient air.