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<p>Spin current provides an energy-efficient approach for manipulating magnetization, when its spin polarization aligns with the magnetization direction. However, conventional spin-source materials possess high crystalline symmetry, restricting spin polarization to be orthogonal to both spin and charge current directions. Here, we overcome this limitation by utilizing the concept of magnon-mediated spin-orbit torque through integration of the insulating multiferroic BiFeO<sub>3</sub> with a conventional spin-source material. We observe that spin polarization generated by conventional spin-source material can excite unconventional magnon polarization due to the interplay between cycloidal antiferromagnetic order and the ferroelectric domain structure in BiFeO<sub>3</sub>. This produces an unconventional magnon torque that allows deterministic, field‑free switching of in‑plane magnetization collinear with the current direction, unattainable with conventional spin-source materials. Our results establish multiferroic-based heterostructure as a symmetry‑engineered magnon spin source, paving the way for low-power spintronic devices.</p>

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Unconventional magnon-mediated spin torque enabled by ferroelectric domain engineering in multiferroic BiFeO3

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月10日

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  • Yuhan Liang,
  • Xingyu Yan,
  • Xiaoyu Jiang,
  • Dingsong Jiang,
  • Hao Bai,
  • Zi-An Wang,
  • Hetian Chen,
  • Xiaofu Qiu,
  • Daniel Pharis,
  • Xiaoxi Huang,
  • Rakshit Jain,
  • Dingfu Shao,
  • Wanjun Jiang,
  • Di Yi,
  • Daniel C. Ralph,
  • Tianxiang Nan

摘要

Spin current provides an energy-efficient approach for manipulating magnetization, when its spin polarization aligns with the magnetization direction. However, conventional spin-source materials possess high crystalline symmetry, restricting spin polarization to be orthogonal to both spin and charge current directions. Here, we overcome this limitation by utilizing the concept of magnon-mediated spin-orbit torque through integration of the insulating multiferroic BiFeO3 with a conventional spin-source material. We observe that spin polarization generated by conventional spin-source material can excite unconventional magnon polarization due to the interplay between cycloidal antiferromagnetic order and the ferroelectric domain structure in BiFeO3. This produces an unconventional magnon torque that allows deterministic, field‑free switching of in‑plane magnetization collinear with the current direction, unattainable with conventional spin-source materials. Our results establish multiferroic-based heterostructure as a symmetry‑engineered magnon spin source, paving the way for low-power spintronic devices.