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<p>Despite significant advances in thermochromic materials (TCMs) for smart optical switching, achieving simultaneous optimization of optical switching, mechanical robustness, and environmental tolerance remains a critical challenge for their real-world implementation. Herein, we present tough asymmetric thermochromic ionogels (ATIs) fabricated via dynamic in situ phase separation. The ATIs integrate a thermoresponsive light-scattering layer (LCST: 28 °C to 41 °C) and a mechanically reinforced supporting layer through sequential free-radical polymerization. The resulting material exhibits high transparency (&gt;85% at 20 °C), ultralow-temperature resistance (transparent at −70 °C, even at −196 °C), and exceptional toughness (tensile strength &gt;5 MPa, toughness &gt;17 MJ m<sup>-3</sup>). Leveraging hydrophobic ionic liquid as solvent, the ATIs achieve reversible optical switching (transmittance &lt;10% at 40 °C) without encapsulation, with autonomous adhesion (&gt;400 N m<sup>-1</sup> peel strength on glass). Applied to smart cooling windows, ATIs reduce solar radiation by 56.8% while enabling aesthetic customization. Combined with indirect/direct Joule heating technology, ATIs enable active optical switching and even dynamic projection display, offering a scalable platform for all-weather adaptive optical systems.</p>

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Tough asymmetric thermochromic ionogels via dynamic in situ phase separation for dual-modal smart optical switching

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月18日

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  • Guoli Du,
  • Jianing Li,
  • Changxing Wang,
  • Jianing Li,
  • Yayun Ning,
  • Yifan Yue,
  • Yuechi Xie,
  • Sen Yang,
  • Xuegang Lu

摘要

Despite significant advances in thermochromic materials (TCMs) for smart optical switching, achieving simultaneous optimization of optical switching, mechanical robustness, and environmental tolerance remains a critical challenge for their real-world implementation. Herein, we present tough asymmetric thermochromic ionogels (ATIs) fabricated via dynamic in situ phase separation. The ATIs integrate a thermoresponsive light-scattering layer (LCST: 28 °C to 41 °C) and a mechanically reinforced supporting layer through sequential free-radical polymerization. The resulting material exhibits high transparency (>85% at 20 °C), ultralow-temperature resistance (transparent at −70 °C, even at −196 °C), and exceptional toughness (tensile strength >5 MPa, toughness >17 MJ m-3). Leveraging hydrophobic ionic liquid as solvent, the ATIs achieve reversible optical switching (transmittance <10% at 40 °C) without encapsulation, with autonomous adhesion (>400 N m-1 peel strength on glass). Applied to smart cooling windows, ATIs reduce solar radiation by 56.8% while enabling aesthetic customization. Combined with indirect/direct Joule heating technology, ATIs enable active optical switching and even dynamic projection display, offering a scalable platform for all-weather adaptive optical systems.