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<p>Flexible large-area monolithic organic solar cells suffer from electrical loss during up-scaling due to the limited conductivity of transparent electrodes. In this work, highly conductive silver grid fingers are integrated onto a roll-to-roll gravure-printed silver nanowire electrode via roll-to-roll screen printing, significantly reducing the composite sheet resistance from 15 to 1.5 Ω sq<sup>−1</sup>. A numerical model is established to optimize grid width and spacing, achieving an equivalent sheet resistance of 1 ~ 2 Ω sq<sup>−1</sup> for higher-resistance electrodes. A self-masking strategy is developed to prevent shunting caused by uneven grid surfaces. As a result, monolithic flexible organic solar cells with areas of 4 and 16 cm² achieve power conversion efficiencies of 15.20% and 14.24%, respectively, demonstrating minimal efficiency loss with increased area. Additionally, the devices exhibit excellent mechanical flexibility and shelf stability, enabled by a robust photoresist passivation layer.</p>

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Roll-to-Roll AgNWs Networks/Ag Finger by Self-Masking Protection for Large-Area Monolithic Flexible Organic Solar Cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Yunfei Han,
  • Zhuo Chen,
  • Long Fang,
  • Li Yin,
  • Lianping Zhang,
  • Rong Huang,
  • Chao Gong,
  • Keqilao Meng,
  • Yongzheng Yang,
  • Lingpeng Yan,
  • Jian Lin,
  • Chang-Qi Ma,
  • Qun Luo

摘要

Flexible large-area monolithic organic solar cells suffer from electrical loss during up-scaling due to the limited conductivity of transparent electrodes. In this work, highly conductive silver grid fingers are integrated onto a roll-to-roll gravure-printed silver nanowire electrode via roll-to-roll screen printing, significantly reducing the composite sheet resistance from 15 to 1.5 Ω sq−1. A numerical model is established to optimize grid width and spacing, achieving an equivalent sheet resistance of 1 ~ 2 Ω sq−1 for higher-resistance electrodes. A self-masking strategy is developed to prevent shunting caused by uneven grid surfaces. As a result, monolithic flexible organic solar cells with areas of 4 and 16 cm² achieve power conversion efficiencies of 15.20% and 14.24%, respectively, demonstrating minimal efficiency loss with increased area. Additionally, the devices exhibit excellent mechanical flexibility and shelf stability, enabled by a robust photoresist passivation layer.