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<p>Lithium metal batteries possess the high theoretical specific energy owing to the high theoretical specific capacity of lithium metal. However, practical implementations necessitate a reduction in both lithium mass fraction and lithium utilization within the negative electrode to enhance cycling life and suppress dendrite formation, resulting in a practical reversible capacity of only 30 – 50% of the theoretical value. Herein, we present a lithium metal-based multicomponent solid-solution alloy comprising approximately 90 wt.% lithium, with equal atomic ratios of cadmium, silver, magnesium, and aluminium constituting the remaining 10 wt.%. The increased mixing entropy enables high lithium-atom diffusivity, facilitating inward lithium transport into the metal foil rather than the surface deposition typically observed in conventional lithium metal negative electrodes, while simultaneously promoting a thermodynamically stable (110) crystal facet. These factors collectively yield a dendrite-free negative electrode with a reversible specific capacity of 3100 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>. One-ampere-hour pouch cells employing this negative electrode and a LiNi<sub>0.8</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>Mn<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> positive electrode achieve an specific energies of 385 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> (based on the total mass of the pouch cell) with 82% capacity retention over 600 cycles. This achievement highlights the potential of this alloy negative electrode to enable safe and durable high-energy-density lithium metal batteries for practical applications.</p>

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Multicomponent solid-solution alloy negative electrode for Li-metal batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • Jinxi Wang,
  • Jiawen Zhu,
  • Yichao Cai,
  • Huimin Zhang,
  • Xinpeng Li,
  • Zongzi Jin,
  • Zhuoying Zhu,
  • Deguang Liu,
  • Zhen Zhang,
  • Peichen Zhong,
  • Yuansen Xie,
  • Wenhui Zhu,
  • Guolei Cai,
  • Huanyu Xie,
  • Rong Huang,
  • Yuhao Lu,
  • Shuhong Jiao,
  • Song Jin,
  • Hengxing Ji

摘要

Lithium metal batteries possess the high theoretical specific energy owing to the high theoretical specific capacity of lithium metal. However, practical implementations necessitate a reduction in both lithium mass fraction and lithium utilization within the negative electrode to enhance cycling life and suppress dendrite formation, resulting in a practical reversible capacity of only 30 – 50% of the theoretical value. Herein, we present a lithium metal-based multicomponent solid-solution alloy comprising approximately 90 wt.% lithium, with equal atomic ratios of cadmium, silver, magnesium, and aluminium constituting the remaining 10 wt.%. The increased mixing entropy enables high lithium-atom diffusivity, facilitating inward lithium transport into the metal foil rather than the surface deposition typically observed in conventional lithium metal negative electrodes, while simultaneously promoting a thermodynamically stable (110) crystal facet. These factors collectively yield a dendrite-free negative electrode with a reversible specific capacity of 3100 mAh g−1. One-ampere-hour pouch cells employing this negative electrode and a LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 positive electrode achieve an specific energies of 385 Wh kg−1 (based on the total mass of the pouch cell) with 82% capacity retention over 600 cycles. This achievement highlights the potential of this alloy negative electrode to enable safe and durable high-energy-density lithium metal batteries for practical applications.