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<p>The commercialization of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells hinges on achieving high efficiency and stability while maintaining scalability. This study demonstrates an original approach for inducing the formation of a field effect junction within the perovskite active layer for efficient semi-transparent top modules to be integrated in four-terminal perovskite/silicon tandem panels. A synergy of MXene-based doping and surface gradient passivation enabled semi-transparent perovskite modules with efficiencies surpassing 16% on 60 cm² active area. These were integrated into a four terminal tandem panel (0.2 m<sup>2</sup>) with a power conversion efficiency of 19.45%, further enhanced by bifacial silicon heterojunction cells to reach a power generation density exceeding 23 mWcm<sup>−</sup>² under 30% ground albedo conditions. The tandem panel, installed in Crete, retained over 95% of its initial delivered power after three months, showcasing robust real-world stability. This work provides a significant step toward industrial adoption, presenting a scalable, high-efficiency solution for next-generation photovoltaics with minimal modifications to silicon production lines.</p>

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MXene-driven nanoscale field-effect junction for advanced 4-terminal perovskite/silicon tandem solar panels

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月6日

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  • Antonio Agresti,
  • Sara Pescetelli,
  • George Viskadouros,
  • Anna Pazniak,
  • Enrico Leonardi,
  • Alessia Di Vito,
  • Peyman Amiri,
  • Matthias Auf Der Maur,
  • Francesca Menchini,
  • Silvano Del Gobbo,
  • Francesco Di Giacomo,
  • Giuseppe Bengasi,
  • Carmelo Connelli,
  • Luca Sorbello,
  • Marina Foti,
  • Francesco Bonaccorso,
  • Emmanuel Kymakis,
  • Aldo Di Carlo

摘要

The commercialization of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells hinges on achieving high efficiency and stability while maintaining scalability. This study demonstrates an original approach for inducing the formation of a field effect junction within the perovskite active layer for efficient semi-transparent top modules to be integrated in four-terminal perovskite/silicon tandem panels. A synergy of MXene-based doping and surface gradient passivation enabled semi-transparent perovskite modules with efficiencies surpassing 16% on 60 cm² active area. These were integrated into a four terminal tandem panel (0.2 m2) with a power conversion efficiency of 19.45%, further enhanced by bifacial silicon heterojunction cells to reach a power generation density exceeding 23 mWcm−² under 30% ground albedo conditions. The tandem panel, installed in Crete, retained over 95% of its initial delivered power after three months, showcasing robust real-world stability. This work provides a significant step toward industrial adoption, presenting a scalable, high-efficiency solution for next-generation photovoltaics with minimal modifications to silicon production lines.