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<p>Surface plasmons are bound modes at metal–dielectric interfaces and enable a wide range of applications. However, holographic plasmonic fields are usually realized with complex nanostructures, introducing diffraction background and limiting flexibility and dynamic reconfigurability. Here, we propose a structureless holographic approach for generating complex plasmonic fields and controlling their energy flow through a reverse-designed algorithm. Both theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that holographic plasmonic fields can be effectively excited and flexibly modulated on a flat metal film. Furthermore, by loading orbital angular momentum onto the holographic plasmonic field, a controllable energy flow aligned with the plasmonic field can be achieved, visualizing through gold particles transporting along the designed trajectory like a surface slide. This work offers a promising structureless pathway for generation and manipulation of holographic plasmonic fields as well as other surface-wave fields, demonstrating significant potential for controllable on-chip optical energy and particle transmission.</p>

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Structureless excitation and manipulation of dynamic holographic plasmonic slides

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月19日

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  • Yuquan Zhang,
  • Haixiang Ma,
  • Zhendong Ju,
  • Xusheng Chen,
  • Yixuan Chen,
  • Xi Xie,
  • Luping Du,
  • Changjun Min,
  • Xiaocong Yuan

摘要

Surface plasmons are bound modes at metal–dielectric interfaces and enable a wide range of applications. However, holographic plasmonic fields are usually realized with complex nanostructures, introducing diffraction background and limiting flexibility and dynamic reconfigurability. Here, we propose a structureless holographic approach for generating complex plasmonic fields and controlling their energy flow through a reverse-designed algorithm. Both theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that holographic plasmonic fields can be effectively excited and flexibly modulated on a flat metal film. Furthermore, by loading orbital angular momentum onto the holographic plasmonic field, a controllable energy flow aligned with the plasmonic field can be achieved, visualizing through gold particles transporting along the designed trajectory like a surface slide. This work offers a promising structureless pathway for generation and manipulation of holographic plasmonic fields as well as other surface-wave fields, demonstrating significant potential for controllable on-chip optical energy and particle transmission.