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<p>Anthropogenic nitrogen enrichment is widely expected to suppress symbiotic nitrogen fixation in terrestrial ecosystems. Nevertheless, observed symbiotic nitrogen fixation responses remain incompletely explained by exogenous nitrogen inputs, climate, and edaphic factors. In this meta-analysis, we integrate 908 globally distributed field measurements to identify the key predictors that improve simulation of symbiotic nitrogen fixation responses to nitrogen enrichment. On average, symbiotic nitrogen fixation declines by 33.0% upon nitrogen enrichment, with the reduction being more pronounced in non-croplands than croplands. Models considering only environmental factors overestimate symbiotic nitrogen fixation decline relative to observations. The better performance of plant traits like plant growth and biomass allocation (shoot:root ratio) partially buffer symbiotic nitrogen fixation suppression under nitrogen enrichment. Integrating both environmental factors and plant performance traits improves predictive accuracy of symbiotic nitrogen fixation responses by 42.7% and brings the simulated symbiotic nitrogen fixation reductions into close agreement with observations. The alterations in plant performance traits are thus critical for explaining variability in terrestrial symbiotic nitrogen fixation responses, and incorporating plant trait dynamics in Earth System Models can quantitatively partition the compensatory symbiotic nitrogen fixation supported by nitrogen-fixing plant growth from the direct negative impact of nitrogen inputs.</p>

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Plant traits explain variation in symbiotic nitrogen fixation responses to global nitrogen enrichment: a meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月20日

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  • Yanzhong Yao,
  • Bingbing Han,
  • Peter M. van Bodegom,
  • Xunzhuo Dong,
  • Yunyao Zhong,
  • Shuli Niu,
  • Xinping Chen,
  • Zhaolei Li

摘要

Anthropogenic nitrogen enrichment is widely expected to suppress symbiotic nitrogen fixation in terrestrial ecosystems. Nevertheless, observed symbiotic nitrogen fixation responses remain incompletely explained by exogenous nitrogen inputs, climate, and edaphic factors. In this meta-analysis, we integrate 908 globally distributed field measurements to identify the key predictors that improve simulation of symbiotic nitrogen fixation responses to nitrogen enrichment. On average, symbiotic nitrogen fixation declines by 33.0% upon nitrogen enrichment, with the reduction being more pronounced in non-croplands than croplands. Models considering only environmental factors overestimate symbiotic nitrogen fixation decline relative to observations. The better performance of plant traits like plant growth and biomass allocation (shoot:root ratio) partially buffer symbiotic nitrogen fixation suppression under nitrogen enrichment. Integrating both environmental factors and plant performance traits improves predictive accuracy of symbiotic nitrogen fixation responses by 42.7% and brings the simulated symbiotic nitrogen fixation reductions into close agreement with observations. The alterations in plant performance traits are thus critical for explaining variability in terrestrial symbiotic nitrogen fixation responses, and incorporating plant trait dynamics in Earth System Models can quantitatively partition the compensatory symbiotic nitrogen fixation supported by nitrogen-fixing plant growth from the direct negative impact of nitrogen inputs.