<p>Supersolid phases are quantum-entangled states of matter exhibiting the dual characteristics of superfluidity and solidity. Theory predicts that hard-core bosons on a triangular lattice can form such phases at half filling and near complete filling. Leveraging an exact mapping between bosons and spin-<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\frac{1}{2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> degrees of freedom, here we show that these phases are realized in the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet K<sub>2</sub>Co(SeO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>. At zero field, neutron diffraction reveals the development of quasi-two-dimensional <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sqrt{3}\times \sqrt{3}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>×</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msqrt> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> magnetic order with <i>Z</i><sub>3</sub> translational symmetry breaking (solidity), though with reduced amplitude indicating strong quantum fluctuations. These fluctuations manifest as equidistant bands of continuum neutron scattering, where the lowest-energy mode is gapless at K <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((\frac{1}{3}\frac{1}{3})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, consistent with broken <i>U</i>(1) spin rotational symmetry (superfluidity). For <b>c</b>-axis-oriented magnetic fields near saturation, we find a second phase consistent with a high-field supersolid. These two supersolids are separated by a pronounced 1/3 magnetization plateau phase that supports coherent spin waves, from which we determine the underlying spin Hamiltonian.</p>

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Phase diagram and spectroscopic signatures of a supersolid in the quantum ising magnet K2Co(SeO3)2

  • Tong Chen,
  • Alireza Ghasemi,
  • Junyi Zhang,
  • Liyu Shi,
  • Zhenisbek Tagay,
  • Youzhe Chen,
  • Lei Chen,
  • Eun Sang Choi,
  • Marcelo Jaime,
  • Minseong Lee,
  • Yiqing Hao,
  • Huibo Cao,
  • Barry L. Winn,
  • Andrey A. Podlesnyak,
  • Daniel M. Pajerowski,
  • Ruidan Zhong,
  • Xianghan Xu,
  • N. P. Armitage,
  • Robert Cava,
  • Collin Broholm

摘要

Supersolid phases are quantum-entangled states of matter exhibiting the dual characteristics of superfluidity and solidity. Theory predicts that hard-core bosons on a triangular lattice can form such phases at half filling and near complete filling. Leveraging an exact mapping between bosons and spin- \(\frac{1}{2}\) 1 2 degrees of freedom, here we show that these phases are realized in the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet K2Co(SeO3)2. At zero field, neutron diffraction reveals the development of quasi-two-dimensional \(\sqrt{3}\times \sqrt{3}\) 3 × 3 magnetic order with Z3 translational symmetry breaking (solidity), though with reduced amplitude indicating strong quantum fluctuations. These fluctuations manifest as equidistant bands of continuum neutron scattering, where the lowest-energy mode is gapless at K \((\frac{1}{3}\frac{1}{3})\) ( 1 3 1 3 ) , consistent with broken U(1) spin rotational symmetry (superfluidity). For c-axis-oriented magnetic fields near saturation, we find a second phase consistent with a high-field supersolid. These two supersolids are separated by a pronounced 1/3 magnetization plateau phase that supports coherent spin waves, from which we determine the underlying spin Hamiltonian.