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<p>The Southern Ocean (SO) plays a key role in regulating global biogeochemical cycles and climate, yet microbial genes sustaining its biological activity remain poorly characterized. We introduce a microbial genes collection from 218 metagenomes sampled during the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition, the majority of which are missing from functional databases. 38% even lack homologs in current reference marine gene catalogs, defining a singular genetic seascape. We show that SO gene assemblages exhibit a common polar signature with the Arctic Ocean while being structured by water masses at the SO-scale. We analyze genomic markers of diverse SO biomes, focusing on dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) cleavage by polar-adapted bacteria, organic matter consumption in the blooming Mertz polynya and adaptation to polar conditions in the ubiquitous bacteria Pelagibacter. Our work takes a step towards a comprehensive understanding of SO’s plankton ecology and evolution, capturing the current state of the unique microbial diversity in this rapidly changing Ocean.</p>

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Water mass specific genes dominate the Southern Ocean microbiome

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Emile Faure,
  • Jolann Pommellec,
  • Cyril Noel,
  • Alexandre Cormier,
  • Lisa-Marie Delpech,
  • A. Murat Eren,
  • Antonio Fernandez-Guerra,
  • Chiara Vanni,
  • Marion Fourquez,
  • Marie-Noëlle Houssais,
  • Ulysse Guyet,
  • Corinne Da Silva,
  • Frederick Gavory,
  • Aude Perdereau,
  • Karine Labadie,
  • Patrick Wincker,
  • Julie Poulain,
  • Christel Hassler,
  • Yajuan Lin,
  • Nicolas Cassar,
  • Loïs Maignien

摘要

The Southern Ocean (SO) plays a key role in regulating global biogeochemical cycles and climate, yet microbial genes sustaining its biological activity remain poorly characterized. We introduce a microbial genes collection from 218 metagenomes sampled during the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition, the majority of which are missing from functional databases. 38% even lack homologs in current reference marine gene catalogs, defining a singular genetic seascape. We show that SO gene assemblages exhibit a common polar signature with the Arctic Ocean while being structured by water masses at the SO-scale. We analyze genomic markers of diverse SO biomes, focusing on dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) cleavage by polar-adapted bacteria, organic matter consumption in the blooming Mertz polynya and adaptation to polar conditions in the ubiquitous bacteria Pelagibacter. Our work takes a step towards a comprehensive understanding of SO’s plankton ecology and evolution, capturing the current state of the unique microbial diversity in this rapidly changing Ocean.